Contact: Nan Widseth

218-281-3385

    FIRST AID/CPR

Introduction

Medical advice and consultation on work-related health matters and first aid services to treat work related injuries must be readily available to employees. In addition, if the workplace contains materials that may be corrosive or injurious to the eyes or the body, a method of quickly drenching or flushing the eyes or body must be provided in the work area.  This program assists Cathedral School in meeting those requirements.

References

OSHA Subpart K 1910.151

MN OSHA Instruction CPL 2-2.53

Applicability

Do any situations arise that require advice or consultation on matters of workplace health?

Could any situations arise that may result in injuries requiring first aid in the workplace?

Does the workplace contain materials that could injure the eyes or body?

Regulatory Requirements

• The employer shall ensure the availability of medical personnel for advice and consultation on matters of workplace health.
• A person or persons shall be adequately trained to render first aid in the absence of an infirmary, clinic or hospital in near proximity to the workplace.
• First aid supplies approved by the consulting physician shall be readily available.
• Suitable facilities for quick drenching or flushing of the eyes and body shall be provided within the work area for immediate emergency use where the eyes or body of any person may be exposed to injurious corrosive materials. ANSI Standard Z358.1-1990 gives additional details on emergency eyewash and shower station requirements.
• MN OSHA Instruction CPL 2-2.53 suggests that these guidelines be followed:

—    Near proximity to the workplace means four to eight minutes. If there is no hospital or clinic within this distance, the employer must designate a first aid provider on site.

—    If medical services are available within four to eight minutes, and the employer decides to use these services, a determination must be made as to whether or not a special agreement needs to be made with the medical facility in order to ensure the ready availability of medical personnel.

—    First aid training needs to be evaluated in relation to workplace hazards.

—    A recommended first aid kit list follows (employer still needs to seek a physician’s opinion).  Contact the First Aid program manager, «First_Aid», for kits and replacement supplies

A first aid kit shall contain sufficient quantities of individually sealed packages of at least the following types of items:

Please Note:  This is not an all-inclusive list.

Written Plan

Purpose

The purpose of this plan is to provide fundamental information to enable employees to protect themselves from various hazards and provide basic emergency procedures.  Questions regarding this plan should be addressed to the Program Manager.

Elements–First Aid/CPR

NOTE: Rescue breathing and CPR should be performed ONLY by qualified personnel.

There are many situations which occur during the work/school day that could potentially require first aid, including:

1. Abdominal pain;
2. Breathing emergencies and choking;
3. Blisters and burns;
4. Cuts, scrapes, and bruises;
5. Drug-induced crisis;
6. Earache;
7. Exposure to the elements;
8. Eye injuries;
9. Head and spine injuries;
10. Heart problems;
11. Injury to muscles, bones, and joints;
12. Nose injuries;
13. Poisoning;
14. Shock;
15. Slivers;
16. Sudden illnesses;
17. Tooth problems;
18. Throat problems; and
19. Unconsciousness.

Cathedral School will notify the parent or guardian of the student, or a designated contact of an employee, whenever there has been an accident, injury, or illness that requires either further medical attention or home rest. Typically, the first aid provider (school nurse/health aide) will make the decision to contact the above-mentioned persons.

There are some basic procedures to follow in each type of emergency situation. These procedures are designed for children and adults. Following are some basic steps to take in different emergency situations.

Procedures (in Alphabetical Order)

Abdominal Pain

Causes

Abdominal pain can be the result of a number of things like menstrual cramps, food poisoning, etc.

Care

1. Have patient rest on cot; get the history of the illness (how, when, and where illness began).
2. Take temperature.
3. Attempt to locate area of pain. Ask if pain followed an injury. If pain is due to menstruation, offer hot water bottle. DO NOT give hot water bottle for any other kind of abdominal pain.
4. Consider emotional reason for discomfort.
5. Notify guardian or other contact person if pain persists or seems severe. If in doubt, always call the guardian of a child.

Breathing Emergencies and Choking

Detection

Some signs of emergency breathing situations include:

1. Unusually slow or rapid breathing;
2. Unusually deep or shallow breaths;
3. Gasping for breath;
4. Wheezing, gurgling, or high-pitched noises;
5. Unusually moist skin;
6. Flushed, pale, or bluish appearance to skin;
7. Shortness of breath;
8. Dizziness or light-headedness; and
9. Pain in chest or tingling in hands and feet.

Care

Emergency breathing situations may include victims who are choking, hyperventilating, or unconscious. For choking victims, determine if the victim is able to cough or speak; encourage him/her to continue coughing. If object does not come up, call for emergency medical assistance. Be prepared to initiate rescue breathing and/or CPR (if trained).

Asthma Attack

1. Call 911 if attack is severe (person has feeling of suffocation, pale bluish lips, skin, or fingernails).
2. As soon as symptoms appear, have person rest in quiet area, seated with shoulders relaxed. Encourage person to slow his/her breathing down. Provide prescribed medicine or inhaler, if possible.
3. Anxiety will increase breathing difficulty; comfort and relax the person.
4. Notify parents of child’s significant asthma episode.

Blisters and Burns

Care for Blisters

1. Apply sterile non-adhesive bandage.
2. Do not puncture blisters.
3. Notify guardian to observe area if infection is noted.

Determining Severity of Burns

First Degree—reddened

Second Degree—blistered

Third Degree—white or charred

Critical burns include those burns:

1. Involving breathing difficulty;
2. Covering more than one body part;
3. To the head, neck, hands, feet, or genitals;
4. To a child or an elderly person; or
5. Resulting from chemicals, explosions, or electricity.

Care for Mild Burns

1. Do not use ointments or salves.
2. Stop the burning.
3. Immerse in cold water (not ice water) for 10 to 15 minutes or until pain subsides.
4. Cover burn with dry, clean dressings to help prevent infection; bandage loosely. Do not break any blisters or remove tissue.
5. Raise area of burn above heart, if possible.

Care for Deep or Extensive Burns

1. Treat for shock (except for facial burns).
2. Have victim lie down with legs elevated; keep him/her warm and quiet. (Facial burn—sit or prop victim up; observe continuously for breathing difficulty.)
3. Call 911.
4. Do not immerse an extensively burned area or apply ice water over it as the cold may intensify shock reaction. Apply cold pack to face, hands, or feet if necessary.
5. Cover burn with dry, clean dressings to help prevent infection; bandage loosely.
6. Don’t put ointment on burn; don’t put pressure on burn.
7. Don’t break blisters or remove pieces of cloth stuck to burn.

Care for Chemical Burns

1. Call 911.
2. For chemicals burns to the skin or eyes, flush burn with large amounts of water for 15 to 20 minutes.
3. If only one eye has been affected, flush from the nose outward to prevent contaminating the other eye.
4. Have the victim take off clothes with chemicals on them.
5. Apply sterile dressing.
6. If extensive, refer to Care for Deep or Extensive Burns.

Care for Electrical Burns

1. Never go near a victim whom you think has been injured by electricity until you are sure the power is turned off. Electrical burns are often deep and tissues beneath them may be severely damaged.
2. If there is a downed power line, wait for the fire department and/or the power school. If there are people in a car with a downed wire across it, tell them not to move and to stay in the car.
3. Check breathing and pulse if victim is unconscious. Check for possible fractures.
4. Cover an electrical burn with a dry, clean dressing, but do not cool the burn.
5. Keep victim from getting chilled.

Cuts, Scrapes, and Bruises

Explanation

These types of injuries generally damage the soft tissue of the body. This tissue includes skin, fat, and muscles.

Types of Injuries That Generally Require Stitches

The following injuries generally require stitches:

1. Bleeding from an artery or uncontrolled bleeding;
2. Wounds that show muscle or bone, involve joints, gape widely, or involve hands or feet;
3. Large or deep puncture wounds;
4. Large or deeply embedded objects;
5. Human or animal bites; and
6. Wounds that, if left unattended, could leave conspicuous scars, such as those on the face.

Care for Bruises

1. Apply direct pressure to reduce bleeding under the skin.
2. Elevate the injured area to reduce swelling.
3. Apply cold to control pain and swelling.

Internal Bleeding

Some closed wounds can be very serious and need immediate medical attention. If a victim is in severe pain or can’t move a body part without hurting, this may indicate a serious wound. While waiting for medical help, watch for signs of shock and keep the victim from getting chilled or overheated.

Care for Minor and Small Scratches

1. Wash with soap and water.
2. Apply sterile dressing as needed.
3. If the wound is a result of an animal bite, notify police. When circumstances indicate, animal should be confined and tested for rabies.

Care for a Major Open Wound

1. Have victim lie down to prevent fainting.
2. Control bleeding by placing a clean covering over the wound and applying direct pressure.
3. If you don’t think the wound involves a broken bone, elevate injured area.
4. Apply a bandage snugly over wound.
5. If bleeding cannot be controlled, call 911.
6. Apply pressure on nearby artery (pressure point).
7. Treat for shock; keep warm and quiet.
8. Wash hands immediately after providing care.

Care for a Major Wound with Minimal Bleeding

1. DO NOT use antiseptics or salves.
2. Apply Steri-strip or butterfly dressing after bleeding stops.
3. Notify guardian; advise medical care. Advise if tetanus booster is indicated.

Drug-Induced Crisis

Care

1. In all suspected cases notify school administrator.
2. If school nurse determines emergency care is unnecessary, student should be referred to the principal.
3. If emergency care is necessary, call 911 and notify guardian.
4. Check level of consciousness. If person is unconscious, call 911 for emergency medical assistance.
5. Observe for breathing difficulty or respiratory arrest; be prepared to initiate rescue breathing or CPR (if trained) if person is not breathing.
6. Check for high (greater than 120 beats per minute) or low (less than 60 beats per minute) pulse.
7. If person is vomiting or semi-conscious, provide appropriate first aid.
8. Observe for hallucinations.
9. Observe for hyperactivity, aggressiveness, and paranoid delusions.

Important Points of Emergency Care

1. Maintain an open airway.
2. If convulsions are present, DO NOT try to restrain the individual. Remove nearby objects and place a soft towel, pillow under the head. DO NOT put anything in mouth.
3. Get the person to relax physically and emotionally.
4. Develop a positive attitude with the person. If there is no physical damage, reassure the person that the drug experience will subside and they will return to a normal state.
5. Do not hesitate to contact a person in the school designated to deal with drug-induced crises.

Earache

Care

1. Take temperature.
2. If fever is present or pain is intense, call guardian and advise medical care.
3. If a foreign body is inside the ear, notify guardian and advise medical care if object cannot be removed easily.

Exposure to the Elements

Heat-related Illnesses

Heat-related illnesses include heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke. Heat cramps are painful muscle spasms. Heat cramps are the least severe of these illnesses and should be thought of as warning signs of a possible emergency. Cramps usually occur in the legs and abdomen.

Heat exhaustion is more severe than heat cramps and signs include cool, moist, pale, or flushed skin; headache; nausea; dizziness; weakness; and exhaustion.

Heat stroke is the most uncommon but most severe heat emergency, with signs including hot, dry skin; changes in consciousness; rapid, weak pulse; and rapid, shallow breathing.

Care for Heat-related Illnesses

1. Get the victim out of the heat.
2. Loosen tight clothing.
3. Remove perspiration-soaked clothing.
4. Apply cool, wet cloths to the skin.
5. Fan the victim.
6. If the victim is conscious, give cool water.
7. Call for an ambulance if victim refuses water, vomits, or starts to lose consciousness.

Cold-related Illnesses

Cold-related illnesses include frostbite and hypothermia. Frostbite can cause the loss of fingers, hands, arms, toes, feet, and legs. Signs of frostbite include lack of feeling in the affected area and skin that appears waxy, is cold to the touch, or is discolored (flushed, white, yellow, or blue).

Care for Frostbite

1. Handle area gently; never rub affected area.
2. Warm the area gently by soaking the affected part in water, no warmer than 105º F.
3. Keep the frostbitten part in the water until it looks red and feels warm.
4. Loosely bandage the area with a dry sterile dressing.
5. If fingers or toes are frostbitten, place cotton or gauze between them.
6. Don’t break any blisters.
7. Notify guardian and refer for medical care if swelling and blisters are present.

Care for Hypothermia

1. Care for any life-threatening problems.
2. Call local emergency number.
3. Remove any wet clothing and dry the victim.
4. Warm body gradually by wrapping victim in blankets or by putting on dry clothing, and then moving him/her to a warm place.
5. Apply other sources of heat if available (chemical heat packs or hot water bottles, keeping a barrier between extra heat source and body).
6. If victim is alert, give warm liquids to drink.

To Avoid Heat or Cold Emergencies:

1. Avoid being outdoors on the hottest or coldest part of the day.
2. Change your activity level according to the temperature.
3. Take frequent breaks.
4. Dress appropriately for the environment.
5. Drink large amounts of fluids.

Eye Injuries

Care for Inflamed or Discharging Eyes

1. Exclude from school, if student, until condition is improved or until physician gives permission to return.

Care for Foreign Body Embedded in Lid or Eyeball

1. Do not attempt to remove object or to wash eye.
2. Cover affected eye(s) loosely with clean dressing; avoid pressure on the eyes.
3. Notify guardian and advise prompt medical care.
4. Keep person lying down.

Care for Foreign Body on the Eye

1. Have person blink eye several times.
2. Flush the eye with large amounts of water.
3. Attempt to remove with a moistened applicator.
4. If not removed by these methods, apply dry protective dressing.
5. Call guardian and advise prompt medical care.

Care for Injury to the eyeball (if the eyeball has been cut or injured)

1. Have the person lie down to keep fluid from running out of the eye.
2. Cover both eyes loosely with dry, sterile dressing.
3. Notify guardian and advise medical care.
4. Call 911 for assistance if severe pain is present or guardian cannot be reached.

Care for Sties in the Eye

1. If draining, send person home.
2. If sties occur frequently, suggest medical care.

Head and Spine Injuries

Detection

Some signals of head or spine injuries may include:

1. Changes in consciousness;
2. Severe pain or pressure in the head, neck, or back;
3. Tingling or loss of sensation in the hands, fingers, feet, and toes;
4. Partial or complete loss of movement of any body part;
5. Unusual bumps or depressions on the head or over the spine;
6. Blood or other fluids in the ears or nose;
7. Heavy external bleeding of the head, neck, or back;
8. Seizures;
9. Impaired breathing or vision resultant of injury;
10. Nausea or vomiting;
11. Persistent headache;
12. Loss of balance; and
13. Bruising of the head, especially around the eyes and behind the ears.

Care for Spine Injuries

1. Call 911.
2. Minimize movement of head and spine.
3. Maintain an open airway.
4. Check consciousness and breathing.
5. Control any external bleeding.
6. Keep the victim from getting chilled or overheated.

Care for Headaches

1. Take temperature.
2. If there is history of recent head injury, call guardian.
3. Instruct person to rest on cot; apply cold pack if comforting.
4. If headache persists or if attacks occur frequently, advise medical care.
5. DO NOT give aspirin or any other medication.

Care for Head Injuries–Minor

1. Have person rest on cot for 30 minutes or longer.
2. Apply cold pack to area.
3. If no symptoms of nausea, vomiting, dizziness, unequal pupils, or blurred vision, person may return to normal activities.
4. In the case of a child, notify guardian of all head injuries regardless of how minor they may seem.

Care for Head Injuries–Severe or Unconsciousness

1. Call 911.
2. Do not move person; minimize movement of head and spine.
3. Maintain an open airway.
4. Check consciousness and breathing.
5. Apply cold pack to injured area and control any external bleeding.
6. Treat for shock.

Heart Problems

Detection and General Care

The signals of potential heart problems include pain or discomfort in the chest that does not go away (ranging from discomfort to an unbearable crushing sensation), difficulty in breathing, pale skin, and/or sweaty face. Any chest pain that is severe, lasts longer than 10 minutes, or persists even during rest requires medical care at once.

When a victim shows signs of a possible heart attack, the victim should be told to sit down. Try to determine what problems the victim is having. Some victims will have medication and you can assist the person by getting the medicine. It is important to be calm and reassuring to the victim. If the victim is conscious, loosen tight clothing, keep the person quiet (do not allow them to walk), and do not give them liquids.

When the heart stops beating or beats too poorly to circulate blood properly, it is called cardiac arrest. A person in cardiac arrest is unconscious, not breathing, and has no pulse. When this happens, the victim needs cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) immediately. This includes rescue breathing and chest compressions.

Care When the Heart Stops Beating and Breathing and Pulse are Non-Existent

1. Send a responsible person to get the school nurse or other CPR-qualified person.
2. Send responsible person to call 911 – give operator exact location of injured person.

Injuries to Muscles, Bones and Joints

Detection and General Classification

The four basic types of injuries to muscles, bones and joints are:

1. Fractures,
2. Dislocation,
3. Strains, and
4. Sprains.

Signs of these types of injuries may include pain, swollen, red, or bruised skin. The area may be twisted or bent strangely. There may be abnormal lumps, ridges, or hollows. The victim may hear a snap or pop or grating bones. Hands and fingers or feet and toes may feel numb or tingly.

Care for Injuries to Muscles, Bones, and Joints

1. Treat for shock.
2. Call 911 for emergency medical assistance if the victim’s head, neck, or back is injured; if the victim has any problem breathing; or if the victim is unable to move or use injured part without pain.
3. Check for life-threatening conditions first.
4. Make victim more comfortable, possibly supporting injured area with a pillow.
5. If moving or transporting victim, immobilize injured part with a splint if possible.
6. Apply ice and raise injured part.
7. Make no attempt to reduce dislocation.

Care for Sprains and Strains

1. For a strained or sprained back, apply cold periodically to injury for 72 hours.
2. For sprains or strains (other than the back) elevate injured area and apply cold pack.
3. Next, apply heat (this will help speed up chemical reactions needed to repair tissue).
4. Apply elastic bandage for support if desired.

Nose Injuries

Care for Nosebleeds

1. Seat person erect with head slightly forward. If person must recline, elevate head and shoulders.
2. Instruct person to press firmly on middle partition of bleeding nostril(s).
3. If bleeding persists (more than 15 minutes), call guardian and advise medical care.
4. Instruct person not to blow nose or resume vigorous activity immediately.

Care for foreign body in the nose

1. Call guardian and advise medical care if object cannot be removed easily.

Poisoning

Causes

Poisoning can be caused by many items, including foods, alcohol, medications, cleaning products, pesticides, plants, toxic fumes, fertilizers, insects, spiders, ticks, some marine life, snakes, and other animals.

There are four ways in which poisons may enter the body:

1. Ingestion,
2. Inhalation,
3. Injection, and
4. Absorption.

Detection

Some signs of poisoning may include:

1. Nausea,
2. Vomiting,
3. Diarrhea,
4. Chest or abdominal pain,
5. Breathing difficulty,
6. Sweating,
7. Seizures, or
8. Burns around the lips or tongue or on skin.

Care when you suspect someone has swallowed a poison

1. Call your Poison Control Center or local emergency number.
2. Try to find out what type of poison it was.
3. Try to find out how much was taken.
4. Try to find out when it was taken.
5. Check the scene to make sure it is safe to approach and to gather clues about what happened.
6. Remove the victim from the source of the poison if necessary.
7. Check the victim’s level of consciousness, breathing, and pulse.
8. Care for any life-threatening conditions.
9. If the victim is conscious, ask questions to get more information.
10. Look for any containers and take them with you to the telephone.

Care for Insect Bites and Stings

Serious collapse can occur within just five minutes; be prepared.

1. Check health records to determine if individual is allergic or sensitive.
2. Remove stinger by scraping it away with your fingernail or a credit card or use tweezers.
3. Wash the site with soap and water.
4. Cover to keep clean.
5. Apply a cold pack to the area.
6. If allergic symptoms develop, call 911 and guardian.

Care for Food Poisoning, Reactions, or Allergies

Food reactions and allergies usually occur within one hour of eating, and the most common reactions will be respiratory difficulty or hives.

1. Notify guardian and recommend immediate medical attention.
2. If unable to reach guardian, contact family physician.
3. If severe allergic reaction, call 911—this could be a life-threatening situation.

Care for Poison Ivy or Poison Oak

1. After immediate contact, wash area gently with soap and water.
2. If weeping or broken skin areas are present, call guardian and advise medical care.

Recognizing Lyme’s Disease

Lyme’s disease is commonly carried by the deer tick, and the risk of contracting the disease is greatest between May and late August. Signs of an infection may appear a few days or weeks after a tick bite. It starts as a rash at the small red area at the site of the bite. It may spread up to 7 inches across. Sometimes the appearance may be like a bulls-eye.  In dark-skinned people, the area may look black and blue like a bruise. Other signs include fever, headache, weakness, and joint and muscle pain similar to the pain of flu. In advanced stages, it may cause arthritis, numbness, memory loss, problems in seeing or hearing, high fever and stiff neck.

Care for Ticks

1. Do not try to burn off a tick or remove it by applying Vaseline or nail polish.
2. Do not prick it with a pin.

Shock

Detection

Signs of shock include:

1. Restlessness or irritability;
2. Altered consciousness;
3. Pale, cool moist skin;
4. Rapid breathing;
5. Rapid pulse;
6. Low and falling blood pressure; and
7. Dilated pupils.

Care

1. Treat any severely injured person for shock.
2. Call 911.
3. Have the victim lie down; this may help minimize pain.
4. Control any external bleeding.
5. Help victim maintain normal body temperature.
6. Try to reassure the victim.
7. Elevate legs about 12 inches unless you suspect head, neck, or back injuries, or possible broken bones involving hip or legs. If you are unsure, leave victim lying flat.
8. Do not give victim anything to eat or drink.

Slivers

Care

1. Do not attempt to remove if deeply embedded; refer to physician.
2. Treat as a puncture wound.
3. Wash area with soap and water.
4. Remove sliver if near the surface of the skin.
5. Notify guardian if necessary.

Sudden Illnesses

Detection

Although there are many types of sudden illnesses, they often have similar signals.  Some of these signs include:

1. Feeling light-headed, dizzy, confused, or weak;
2. Changes in skin color (pale or flushed skin) and sweating;
3. Nausea or vomiting; and
4. Diarrhea.

Some sudden illnesses may also include:

1. Changes in consciousness,
2. Seizure,
3. Paralysis or inability to move,
4. Slurred speech,
5. Difficulty seeing,
6. Severe headache,
7. Breathing difficulty, and
8. Persistent pressure or pain.

Care

1. Help the victim rest comfortably.
2. Keep victim from getting chilled or overheated.
3. Reassure the victim.
4. Watch for changes in consciousness and breathing.
5. Do not give anything to eat or drink unless victim is fully conscious.
6. Obtain history of illness (what, when, and where).
7. Take temperature. If the temperature is 100º F or more, make arrangements for the victim to get home or to a medical facility.

NOTE:  Maximum stay in the health office is one hour unless home contact cannot be made, and no child shall be sent home to be alone unless the legal guardian assumes full responsibility.

Care for Vomiting

1. Place the victim on his/her side and isolate person.
2. Exclude them from school.
3. Advise medical care if symptoms persist.

Care for Fainting

1. Position him/her on the back and elevate the legs 8 to 10 inches if you do not suspect a head or back injury.
2. Loosen clothing, provide fresh air, and keep person quiet.
3. Be prepared for vomiting; turn head to the side.
4. If the person does not feel better within the hour, call guardian.

NOTE:  If a person feels faint, have him/her sit and lower head between the knees.

Care for a Diabetic Emergency

Every person with diabetes should be known to nurse, or health service aid, and teacher so that emergency treatment can be carried out.

1. Check health service for specific treatment of individual.
2. Give the victim some form of sugar i.e., two large sugar cubes, half a cup of fruit juice, or half a can of pop (NOT diet).
3. The person should improve within 10 minutes; give the person additional food and allow them to resume normal activities.
4. Notify guardian after any insulin reaction.
5. If person does not improve, call guardian or physician.
6. Call 911 if person is losing consciousness or convulsing.

Care for a Seizure

1. Do not hold or restrain the person or place anything between the victim’s teeth.
2. Remove any nearby objects that might cause injury.
3. Cushion the victim’s head using folded clothing or a small pillow.
4. Remove glasses and loosen any tight clothing.
5. Call 911 if:
6. The person does not start breathing after the seizure; begin rescue breathing or CPR (if trained);
7. The person has repeated seizures; or
8. The person is injured during the seizure.
9. After the seizure:
10. Turn the person to one side to allow saliva to drain from mouth;
11. Permit person to rest or sleep in health office if drowsy; and
12. Notify guardian of each seizure and advise medical care when indicated.

Tooth Problems

Care for Toothache

1. Rinse mouth with warm water.
2. Notify guardian and advise dental care.

Care for an Abscess

1. Notify guardian and advise dental care.

Care for a Chip or Fracture

1. Save chipped part of tooth and put in water in small container.
2. Notify guardian and advise dental care; send portion of tooth with person.

Throat Problems

Care for a Sore Throat

1. Take temperature.
2. Notify guardian and exclude from school if temperature is elevated.
3. Advise medical care if sore throat persists.

Unconsciousness

Causes

Unconsciousness can be the result of asphyxia, deep shock, poisoning, head injury, heat stroke, heart attack, stroke, epilepsy, and chemical intoxication.

Care for Unconsciousness

1. If breathing and pulse are present, treat for shock and call 911.
2. If breathing and/or pulse are absent, proceed with either rescue breathing or CPR (if trained).
3. CPR requires special training. If you have not had this training, immediately seek the assistance of someone who has been trained.

Contact: Mitch Walski

218-281-1835

EMPLOYEE RIGHT-TO-KNOW/HAZARD COMMUNICATION

Purpose

This document serves as a guide the Hazard Communication Program for Cathedral School. It provides detailed safety guideline and instructions for receipt, use and storage of chemicals at our facility by employees and contractors. Reference: OSHA Standard 1910.1200.

Responsibilities:

1. Management

1. Ensure compliance with this program
2. Conduct immediate corrective action for deficiencies found in the program
3. Maintain an effective Hazard Communication training program
4. Make this plan available to employees or their designated representative

2. Shipping & Receiving Manager

1. Ensure all received containers are properly labeled and that labels are not removed or defaced
2. Ensure all shipped containers are properly labeled
3. Ensure shipping department employees are properly trained in spill response
4. Ensure Safety Data Sheets (SDS) are properly distributed

3. Purchasing Agent

1. Obtain, from the manufacturer, SDS for chemicals purchased from retail sources

 4. Safety Manager

1. Maintain a list of hazardous chemicals using the identity that is referenced on the SDS
2. Monitor the effectiveness of the program
3. Conduct annual audit of the program
4. Monitor employee training to ensure effectiveness
5. Keep management informed of necessary changes
6. Ensure SDSs are available as required
7. Monitor facility for proper use, storage and labeling of chemicals

5. School Nurse

1. Ensure SDS are available for emergency medical personnel when treating exposed employees
2. Provide information, as requested, concerning health effects and exposure symptoms listed on SDSs

6. Supervisors

1. Comply with all specific requirements of the program
2. Provide specific chemical safety training for assigned employees
3. Ensure chemicals are properly used stored & labeled
4. Ensure only the minimum amount necessary is kept at work stations
5. Ensure up to date SDS are readily accessible to all employees on all shifts

7. Employees

1. Comply with chemical safety requirements of this program
2. Report any problems with storage or use of chemicals
3. Immediately report spills of suspected spills of chemicals
4. Use only those chemicals for which they have been trained
5. Use chemicals only for specific assigned tasks in the proper manner

8. Contractors

1. Comply will all aspects of this program
2. Coordinate information with the Safety Manager
3. Ensure Contractor employees are properly trained
4. Notify the ERTK Contact Person before bringing any chemicals onto school property or facilities
5. Monitor and ensure proper storage and use of chemicals by Contractor employees

General Program Information

This written Hazard Communication Plan (HAZCOM) has been developed based on OSHA Hazard Communication Standard and consists of the following elements:

• Identification of Hazardous Materials
• Product Warning Labels
• Safety Data Sheets (SDS)
• Written Hazard Communication Program
• Effective Employee Training

Some chemicals are explosive, corrosive, flammable, or toxic. Other chemicals are relatively safe to use and store but may become dangerous when they interact with other substances. To avoid injury and/or property damage, persons who handle chemicals in any area of the School must understand the hazardous properties of the chemicals. Before using a specific chemical, safe handling methods and health hazards must always be reviewed. Supervisors are responsible for ensuring that the equipment needed to work safely with chemicals is accessible and maintained for all employees on all shifts.

Employee Training

1. Initial Orientation Training
   1. All new employees shall receive safety orientation training covering the elements of the HAZCOM and Right to Know Program. This training will consist of general training covering:
      1. Location and availability of the written Hazard Communication Program
      2. Location and availability of the List of Chemicals used in the workplace
      3. Methods and observation used to detect the presence or release of a hazardous chemical in the workplace.
      4. The specific physical and health hazard of all chemicals in the workplace
      5. Specific control measures for protection from physical or health hazards
      6. Explanation of the chemical labeling system
      7. Location and use of SDS

2. Job Specific Training

1. Employees will receive on the job training from their supervisor. This training will cover the proper use, inspection and storage of necessary personal protective equipment and chemical safety training for the specific chemicals they will be using or will be working around.

3. Annual Refresher Training

1. Annual Hazard Communication refresher training will be conducted as part of the school’s continuing safety training program.

 4. Immediate On-the-Spot Training

1. This training will be conducted by supervisors for any employee that requests additional information or
2. exhibits a lack of understanding of the safety requirements.

Non-Routine Tasks

Non-routine tasks are defined as working on, near, or with unlabeled piping, unlabeled containers of an unknown substance, confined space entry where a hazardous substance may be present and/or a one-time task using a hazardous substance differently than intended (example: using a solvent to remove stains from tile floors).

Steps for Non-Routine Tasks

Step 1: Hazard Determination

Step 2: Determine Precautions

Step 3: Specific Training & Documentation

Step 4: Perform Task

The Department Supervisor and ERTK Contact Person will evaluate all non-routine tasks to determine all hazards present. This determination will be conducted with quantitative/qualitative analysis (air sampling, substance identification/analysis, etc., as applicable).  Once the hazard determination is made, the Department Supervisor and Safety Department will determine the necessary precautions needed to remove the hazard, change to a non-hazard, or protect from the hazard (use of personal protective equipment) to safeguard the Employees present. In addition, the Department Supervisor or Safety Department will provide specific safety training for Employees present or affected and will document the training using the Chemical Safety Training Checklist form that shall be marked “Non-Routine Task Training”.

Off-site use or transportation of chemicals

An SDS will be provided to employees for each chemical and each occurrence of use or transport away from the school facilities. All State and Federal DOT Regulations will be followed including use of certified containers, labeling & marking, securing of containers and employee training.

General Chemical Safety

Assume all chemicals are hazardous. The number of hazardous chemicals and the number of reactions between them is so large that prior knowledge of all potential hazards cannot be assumed. Use chemicals in as small quantities as possible to minimize exposure and reduce possible harmful effects.

The following general safety rules shall be observed when working with chemicals:

• Read and understand the Safety Data Sheets.
• Keep the work area clean and orderly.
• Use the necessary safety equipment.
• Carefully label every container with the identity of its contents and appropriate hazard warnings.
• Store incompatible chemicals in separate areas.
• Substitute less toxic materials whenever possible.
• Limit the volume of volatile or flammable material to the minimum needed for short operation periods.
• Provide means of containing the material if equipment or containers should break or spill their contents.

Task Evaluation

Each task that requires the use of chemicals should be evaluated to determine the potential hazards associated with the work. This hazard evaluation must include the chemical or combination of chemicals that will be used in the work, as well as other materials that will be used near the work. If a malfunction during the operation has the potential to cause serious injury or property damage, a Safe Operational Procedure (SOP) should be prepared and followed. Operations must be planned to minimize the generation of hazardous wastes.

Chemical Storage

The separation of chemicals (solids or liquids) during storage is necessary to reduce the possibility of unwanted chemical reactions caused by accidental mixing. Explosives should be stored separately outdoors. Use either distance or barriers (e.g., trays) to isolate chemicals into the following groups:

• Flammable Liquids: store in approved flammable storage lockers.
• Acids: treat as flammable liquids
• Bases: do not store bases with acids or any other material
• Other liquids: ensure other liquids are not incompatible with any other chemical in the same storage location.

Lips, strips, or bars are to be installed across the width of storage shelves to restrain the chemicals in case of earthquake.

Chemicals will not be stored in the same refrigerator used for food storage. Refrigerators used for storing chemicals must be appropriately identified by a label on the door.

Container Labels

It is extremely important that all containers of chemicals are properly labeled. This includes every type of container from a 5000-gallon storage tank to a spray bottle of degreaser. The following requirements apply:

• All containers will have the appropriate label; tag or marking prominently displayed that indicates the identity, safety and health hazards.
• Portable containers that contain a small amount of chemical need not be labeled if they are used immediately that shift, but must be under the strict control of the employee using the product.
• All warning labels, tags, etc., must be maintained in a legible condition and not be defaced. Facility weekly supervisor inspections will check for compliance of this rule.
• Incoming chemicals are to be checked for proper labeling.

Emergencies and Spills

In case of an emergency, implement the proper Emergency Action Plan

1. Evacuate people from the area.
2. Isolate the area.
3. If the material is flammable, turn off ignition and heat sources.
4. Only personnel specifically trained in emergency response are permitted to participate in chemical emergency procedures beyond those required to evacuate the area.
5. Call for Emergency Response Team assistance if required.

Housekeeping

• Maintain the smallest possible inventory of chemicals to meet immediate needs.
• Periodically review stock of chemicals on hand.
• Ensure that storage areas, or equipment containing large quantities of chemicals, are secure from accidental spills.
• Rinse emptied bottles that contain acids or inflammable solvents before disposal.
• Recycle unused laboratory chemicals wherever possible.
• DO NOT Place hazardous chemicals in salvage or garbage receptacles.
• DO NOT Pour chemicals onto the ground.
• DO NOT Dispose of chemicals through the storm drain system.
• DO NOT Dispose of highly toxic, malodorous chemicals down sinks or sewer drains.

Contractors

All outside contractors working inside School Facilities are required to follow the requirements of this program.

The School will provide Contractors information on:

• Location of SDS
• Precautions to be taken to protect contractor employees
• Potential exposure to hazardous substances
• Chemicals used in or stored in areas where they will be working
• Location and availability of Safety Data Sheets
• Recommended Personal Protective Equipment
• Labeling system for chemicals

Definitions

Chemical: Any element, chemical compound or mixture of elements and/or compounds.

Combustible liquid: Means any liquid having a flash point at or above 100 deg. F (37.8 deg. C), but below 200 deg. F (93.3 deg. C), except any mixture having components with flash points of 200 deg. F (93.3 deg. C), or higher, the total volume of which make up 99 percent or more of the total volume of the mixture.

Compressed gas: Any compound that exhibits:

(i) A gas or mixture of gases having, in a container, an absolute pressure exceeding 40 psi at 70 deg.F.

(ii) A gas or mixture of gases having, in a container, an absolute pressure exceeding 104 psi at 130 deg. F. regardless of the pressure at 70 deg. F.

(iii) A liquid having a vapor pressure exceeding 40 psi at 100 deg. F.

Container: Any bag, barrel, bottle, box, can, cylinder, drum, reaction vessel, storage tank, or the like that contains a hazardous chemical. For purposes of this section, pipes or piping systems, and engines, fuel tanks, or other operating systems in a vehicle, are not considered to be containers.

Designated representative: Any individual or organization to whom an employee gives written authorization to exercise such employee’s rights under this section. A recognized or certified collective bargaining agent shall be treated automatically as a designated representative without regard to written employee authorization.

Employee: a worker who may be exposed to hazardous chemicals under normal operating conditions or in foreseeable emergencies. Workers such as office workers or bank tellers who encounter hazardous chemicals only in non-routine, isolated instances are not covered.

Employer: A person engaged in a business where chemicals are either used, distributed, or are produced for use or distribution, including a contractor or subcontractor.

Explosive: A chemical that causes a sudden, almost instantaneous release of pressure, gas, and heat when subjected to sudden shock, pressure, or high temperature.

Exposure or exposed: An employee is subjected in the course of employment to a chemical that is a physical or health hazard, and includes potential (e.g. accidental or possible) exposure. Subjected in terms of health hazards includes any route of entry (e.g. inhalation, ingestion, skin contact or absorption.)

Flammable: A chemical that falls into one of the following categories:

• “Aerosol, flammable” means an aerosol that yields a flame projection exceeding 18 inches at full valve opening, or a flashback (a flame extending back to the valve) at any degree of valve opening.
• “Gas, flammable” means: (A) A gas that, at ambient temperature and pressure, forms a flammable mixture with air at a concentration of thirteen (13) percent by volume or less; or (B) A gas that, at ambient temperature and pressure, forms a range of flammable mixtures with air wider than twelve (12) percent by volume, regardless of the lower limit;
• “Liquid, flammable” means any liquid having a flash point below 100 deg. F., except any mixture having components with flash points of 100 deg. F. or higher, the total of which make up 99 percent or more of the total volume of the mixture.
• “Solid, flammable” means a solid, other than a blasting agent or explosive as defined in 910.109(a), that is liable to cause fire through friction, absorption of moisture, spontaneous chemical change, or retained heat from manufacturing or processing, or which can be ignited readily and when ignited burns so vigorously and persistently as to create a serious hazard. A chemical shall be considered to be a flammable solid if it ignites and burns with a self-sustained flame at a rate greater than one-tenth of an inch per second along its major axis.

Flash point: The minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off a vapor in sufficient concentration to ignite.

Hazardous chemical: Any chemical that is a physical hazard or a health hazard.

Hazard warning: Any words, pictures, symbols, or combination appearing on a label or other appropriate form of warning which convey the specific physical and health hazard(s), including target organ effects, of the chemical(s) in the container(s). (See the definitions for “physical hazard” and “health hazard” to determine the hazards which must be covered.)

Health hazard: A chemical for which there is evidence that acute or chronic health effects may occur in exposed employees. The term “health hazard” includes chemicals that are carcinogens, toxic or highly toxic agents, reproductive toxins, irritants, corrosives, sensitizers, hepatotoxins, nephrotoxins, and neurotoxins, agents which act on the hematopoietic system and agents which damage the lungs, skin, eyes, or mucous membranes.

Identity: Any chemical or common name that is indicated on the material safety data sheet (SDS) for the chemical. The identity used shall permit cross-references to be made among the required list of hazardous chemicals, the label and the SDS.

Immediate use: The hazardous chemical will be under the control of and used only by the person who transfers it from a labeled container and only within the work shift in which it is transferred.

Label: Any written, printed, or graphic material displayed on or affixed to containers of hazardous chemicals.

Safety data sheet (SDS): Written or printed material concerning a hazardous chemical that is prepared in accordance with OSHA Standard 1910.1200 requirements.

Mixture: Any combination of two or more chemicals if the combination is not, in whole or in part, the result of a chemical reaction.

Oxidizer: Means a chemical other than a blasting agent or explosive as defined in 1910.109(a) that initiates or promotes combustion in other materials, thereby causing fire either of itself or through the release of oxygen or other gases.

Physical hazard: A chemical that it is a combustible liquid, a compressed gas, explosive, flammable, an organic peroxide, an oxidizer, pyrophoric, unstable (reactive) or water-reactive.

Pyrophoric: A chemical that will ignite spontaneously in air at a temperature of 130 deg. F. or below.

Specific chemical identity: The chemical name, Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number, or any other information that reveals the precise chemical designation of the substance.

Unstable (reactive): A chemical that in the pure state, or as produced or transported, will vigorously polymerize, decompose, condense, or will become self-reactive under conditions of shocks, pressure or temperature.

Use: To package, handle, react, emit, extract, generate as a byproduct, or transfer.

Water-reactive: A chemical that reacts with water to release a gas that is either flammable or presents a health hazard.

Work area: A room or defined space in a workplace where hazardous chemicals are produced or used, and where employees are present.

Workplace: An establishment, job site, or project, at one geographical location containing one or more work areas.

SDS Information

Safety Data Sheets are provided by the chemical manufacturer to provide additional information concerning safe use of the product. Each SDS provides:

1. Common Name and Chemical Name of the material
2. Name, address and phone number of the manufacturer
3. Emergency phone numbers for immediate hazard information
4. Date the SDS was last updated
5. Listing of hazardous ingredients
6. Chemical hazards of the material
7. Information for identification of chemical and physical properties

Information Chemical Users must know

1. Fire and/or Explosion Information

1. Material Flash Point, auto-ignition temperature and upper/lower flammability limits
2. Proper fire extinguishing agents to be used
3. Firefighting techniques
4. Any unusual fire or explosive hazards

2. Chemical Reaction Information

1. Stability of Chemical
2. Conditions and other materials which can cause reactions with the chemical
3. Dangerous substances that can be produced when the chemical reacts

3. Control Measures

1. Engineering Controls required for safe product use
2. Personal protective equipment required for use of product
3. Safe storage requirements and guidelines
4. Safe handling procedures

4. Health Hazards

1. Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) and Threshold Limit Value (TLV)
2. Acute or Chronic symptoms of exposure
3. Main routes of entry into the body
4. Medical conditions that can be made worse by exposure
5. Cancer causing properties if any
6. Emergency and First Aid treatments

5. Spill & Leak Procedures

1. Clean up techniques
2. Personal Protective Equipment to be used during cleanup
3. Disposal of waste & cleanup material

Employee Use of SDS

For SDS use to be effective, employees must:

1. Know the location of the SDS
2. Understand the major points for each chemical
3. Check SDS when more information is needed or questions arise
4. Be able to quickly locate the emergency information on the SDS
5. Follow the safety practices provided on the SDS

Contact: Patricia Jones

218-281-1835

                   EMERGENCY ACTION PLANNING

Purpose

The purpose of this program is to provide the needed tools to respond to emergencies that may occur in the school setting. Cathedral School has developed a specific response plan for use to prevent and/or respond to emergencies that could occur. The plan is based on the requirements established by Minnesota Executive Order 93-27 and Model Crisis Management Plan. The plan was developed in coordination and cooperation of community leaders, local units of government, and State of Minnesota agencies.

A copy of the plan may be obtained from the school principal.

Contact: Mitch Walski

218-281-1835

CONFINED SPACE ENTRY

Purpose

The Cathedral School’s Confined Space Entry Program is provided to protect authorized employees that will enter confined spaces and may be exposed to hazardous atmospheres, engulfment in materials, conditions which may trap or asphyxiate due to converging or sloping walls, or contains any other safety or health hazards.

Responsibilities

Management

• Ensure proper training for entry and rescue teams
• Provide proper equipment for entry and rescue teams
• Ensure confined space assessments have been conducted
• Ensure all permit required confined spaces are posted
• Annually review this program and all Entry Permits
• Evaluate Rescue Teams/Service to ensure they are adequately trained and prepared
• Ensure rescue team at access during entry into spaces with IDLH atmospheres

Employees

• Follow Cathedral School’s program requirements
• Report any previously unidentified hazards associated with confined spaces

Entry Supervisor

Entry supervisors are responsible for the overall permit space entry and must coordinate all entry procedures, tests, permits, equipment, and other relevant activities. The following entry supervisor duties are required:

• Know the hazards that may be faced during entry, including information on the mode, signs or symptoms, and consequences of the exposure
• Verify, by checking that the appropriate entries have been made on the permit, that all tests specified by the permit have been conducted and that all procedures and equipment specified by the permit are in place before endorsing the permit and allowing entry to begin
• Terminate the entry and cancel the permit when the entry is complete and there is a need for terminating the permit
• Verify that rescue services are available and that the means for summoning them are operable
• Remove unauthorized persons who enter or attempt to enter the space during entry operations
• Whenever responsibility for a permit space entry operation is transferred, and at intervals dictated by the hazards and operations performed within the space, determine that entry operations remain consistent with the permit terms and that acceptable entry conditions are maintained

The entry supervisor for Cathedral School will be the Confined Space Entry Program Manager, «Confined_Space», unless otherwise designated.

Entry Attendants

At least one attendant is required outside the permit space into which entry is authorized for the duration of the entry operation. Responsibilities include:

• To know the hazards that may be faced during entry, including information on the mode, signs or symptoms, and consequences of the exposure
• To be aware of possible behavioral effects of hazard exposure on entrants
• To continuously maintain an accurate count of entrants in the permit space and ensures a means to accurately identify authorized entrants
• To remain outside the permit space during entry operations until relieved by another attendant (once properly relieved, s/he may participate in other permit space activities, including rescue if they are properly trained and equipped)
• To communicate with entrants as necessary to monitor their status as well as alert entrants of the need to evacuate
• To monitor activities inside and outside the space to determine if it is safe for entrants to remain in the space
• To order the entrants to immediately evacuate if the attendant:
  • Detects a prohibited condition,
  • Detects entrant behavioral effects of hazard exposure
  • Detects a situation outside the space that could endanger the entrants, or
  • Cannot effectively and safely perform all the attendant duties.
• To summon rescue and other emergency services as soon as the attendant determines the entrants need assistance to escape the permit space hazards
• To perform non-entry rescues as specified by that rescue procedure and entry supervisor
• Not to perform duties that might interfere with the attendant’s primary duty to monitor and protect the entrants
• To take the following action when unauthorized persons approach or enter a permit space while entry is under way:
  • Warn the unauthorized persons that they must stay away from the permit space,
  • Advise unauthorized persons that they must exit immediately if they have entered the space, and
  • Inform the authorized entrants and the entry supervisor if unauthorized persons have entered the permit space.

Entrants

All entrants must be authorized by the entry supervisor to enter permit spaces, have received the required training, use the proper equipment, and observe the entry procedures and permit. The following entrant duties are required:

• Know the hazards that may be faced during entry, including information on the mode, signs or symptoms, and consequences of the exposure
• Properly use the equipment required for safe entry
• Communicate with the attendant as necessary to enable the attendant to monitor the status of the entrants and to enable the attendant to alert the entrants of the need to evacuate the space if necessary
• Alert the attendant whenever the entrant recognizes any warning signs or symptoms of exposure to a dangerous situation, or any prohibited condition is detected
• Exit the permit space as quickly as possible whenever the attendant or entry supervisor gives an order to evacuate the permit space, the entrant recognized any warning signs or symptoms of exposure to a dangerous situation, the entrant detects a prohibited condition, or an evacuation alarm activated.

Hazards

• Explosive / Flammable Atmospheres
• Toxic Atmospheres
• Engulfment
• Asphyxiation
• Entrapment
• Slips and falls
• Chemical Exposure
• Electric Shock
• Thermal/Chemical Burns
• Noise and Vibration

Hazard Control

Engineering Controls

• Locked entry points
• Temporary ventilation
• Temporary lighting

Administrative Controls

• Signs
• Employee training
• Entry procedures
• Atmospheric monitoring
• Rescue procedures
• Use of prescribed PPE

Definitions

Confined space

A confined space:

• Is large enough or so configured that an employee can bodily enter and perform work
• Has limited or restricted means for entry or exit (e.g., tanks, vessels, silos, storage bins, hoppers, vaults, and pits)
• Is not designed for continuous employee occupancy

Permit-required confined space (permit space)

A permit-required confined space is a confined space that has one or more of the following characteristics:

• Contains or has a potential to contain a hazardous atmosphere
• Contains a material that has the potential for engulfing an entrant
• Has an internal configuration such that an entrant could be trapped or asphyxiated by inwardly covering walls or by a floor that slopes downward and tapers to a smaller cross-section
• Contains any other recognized serious safety or health hazard

Each permit-required confined space will be marked “Confined Space—Entry Permit Required”.

Entry Standard Operating Procedures

A Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) has been developed for each space to standardize the entry procedure. The SOP outlines:

• Hazards
• Hazard Control and Abatement
• Acceptable Entry Conditions
• Means of Entry
• Entry Equipment Required
• Emergency Procedures

Permit-Required Confined Space Entry General Rules

During all permit-required confined space entries, the following safety rules must be strictly enforced:

1. Only authorized and trained employees may enter a confined space or act as Entry Attendants.
2. No smoking is permitted in a confined space or near entrance/exit area.
3. During confined space entries, an Entry Attendant must be present at all times.
4. Constant visual or voice communication will be maintained between the Entry Attendant and Entrants.
5. No bottom or side entry will be made or work conducted below the level any hanging material or material which could cause engulfment.
6. Air and oxygen monitoring is required before entering any permit-required confined space.

—    Oxygen levels in a confined space must be between 19.5% and 23.5%.

—    Levels above or below will require the use of an SCBA or other approved air supplied respirator.

—    Additional ventilation and oxygen level monitoring is required when welding is performed.

—    The monitoring will check oxygen levels, explosive gas levels, and carbon monoxide levels.

—    Entry will not be permitted if explosive gas is detected above one-half the Lower Explosive Limit (LEL).

7. To prevent injuries to others, all openings to confined spaces will be protected by a barricade when covers are removed.

Confined Space Entry Procedures

Each employee who enters or is involved in the entry must:

1. Understand the procedures for confined space entry;
2. Know the hazards of the specific space;
3. Review the specific procedures for each entry; and
4. Understand how to use entry and rescue equipment.

Confined Space Entry Permits

Confined Space Entry Permits must be completed before any employee enters a permit-required confined space. The permit must be completed and signed by an authorized member of management before entry.

• Permits will expire before the completion of the shift or if any pre-entry conditions change.
• Permits will be maintained on file for 12 months.

Contractor Entry

All work by non-school employees that involves the entry into confined spaces will follow the procedures of this program. The information of this program and specific hazards of the confined spaces to be entered will be provided to Contractor Management prior to commencing entry or work.

Training

Training for confined space entry includes:

1. Duties of Entry Supervisor, Entrant, and Attendants
2. Confined Space Entry Permits
3. Hazards of Confined Spaces
4. Use of Air Monitoring Equipment
5. First Aid and CPR Training
6. Emergency Action and Rescue Procedures
7. Confined Space Entry and Rescue Equipment
8. Rescue training, including entry and removal from representative spaces

Confined Space Hazards

Flammable Atmospheres

A flammable atmosphere generally arises from enriched oxygen atmospheres, vaporization of flammable liquids, byproducts of work, chemical reactions, concentrations of combustible dusts, and desorption of chemical from inner surfaces of the confined space.

An atmosphere becomes flammable when the ratio of oxygen to combustible material in the air is neither too rich nor too lean for combustion to occur. Combustible gases or vapors will accumulate when there is inadequate ventilation in areas such as a confined space. Flammable gases such as acetylene, butane, propane, hydrogen, methane, natural or manufactured gases, or vapors from liquid hydrocarbons can be trapped in confined spaces, and since many gases are heavier than air, they will seek lower levels as in pits, sewers, and various types of storage tanks and vessels. In a closed top tank, it should also be noted that lighter than air gases may rise and develop a flammable concentration if trapped above the opening.

The byproducts of work procedures can generate flammable or explosive conditions within a confined space. Specific kinds of work such as spray painting can result in the release of explosive gases or vapors. Welding in a confined space is a major cause of explosions in areas that contain combustible gas.

Chemical reactions forming flammable atmospheres occur when surfaces are initially exposed to the atmosphere, or when chemicals combine to form flammable gases. This condition arises when dilute sulfuric acid reacts with iron to form hydrogen or when calcium carbide makes contact with water to form acetylene. Other examples of spontaneous chemical reactions that may produce explosions from small amounts of unstable compounds are acetylene-metal compounds, peroxides, and nitrates. In a dry state, these compounds have the potential to explode upon percussion or exposure to increased temperature. Another class of chemical reactions that form flammable atmospheres arises from deposits of pyrophoric substances (e.g., carbon, ferrous oxide, ferrous sulfate, iron, etc.) that can be found in tanks used by the chemical and petroleum industry. These tanks containing flammable deposits will spontaneously ignite upon exposure to air.

Combustible dust concentrations are usually found during the process of loading, unloading, and conveying grain products, nitrated fertilizers, finely ground chemical products, and any other combustible material. High charges of static electricity, which rapidly accumulate during periods of relatively low humidity (below 50%), can cause certain substances to accumulate electrostatic charges of sufficient energy to produce sparks and ignite a flammable atmosphere. These sparks may also cause explosions when the right air- or oxygen-to-dust or gas mixture is present.

Toxic Atmospheres

The substances to be regarded as toxic in a confined space can cover the entire spectrum of gases, vapors, and finely divided airborne dust in industry. The sources of toxic atmospheres encountered may arise from the following:

• The manufacturing process (e.g., in producing polyvinyl chloride, hydrogen chloride is used as well as vinyl chloride monomer, which is carcinogenic)
• The product stored [removing decomposed organic material from a tank can liberate toxic substances, such as hydrogen sulfide (H₂S)]
• The operation performed in the confined space (for example, welding or brazing with metals capable of producing toxic fumes)

During loading, unloading, formulation, and production, mechanical and/or human error may also produce toxic gases that are not part of the planned operation. Carbon monoxide (CO) is a hazardous gas that may build up in a confined space. This odorless, colorless gas that has approximately the same density as air is formed from incomplete combustion of organic materials such as wood, coal, gas, oil, and gasoline; it can also be formed from microbial decomposition of organic matter in sewers, silos, and fermentation tanks. Carbon monoxide is an insidious toxic gas because of its poor warning properties. Early stages of CO intoxication are nausea and headache. Carbon monoxide may be fatal at 1000 ppm in air, and is considered dangerous at 200 ppm, because it forms carboxyhemoglobin in the blood that prevents the distribution of oxygen in the body.

Carbon monoxide is a relatively abundant colorless, odorless gas; therefore, any untested atmosphere must be suspect. It must also be noted that a safe reading on a combustible gas indicator does not ensure that CO is not present. Carbon monoxide must be tested for specifically.

The formation of CO may result from chemical reactions or work activities; therefore fatalities due to CO poisoning are not confined to any particular industry. There have been fatal accidents in sewage treatment plants due to decomposition products and lack of ventilation in confined spaces. Another area where CO results as a product of decomposition is in the formation of silo gas in grain storage elevators. In another area, the paint industry, varnish is manufactured by introducing the various ingredients into a kettle, and heating them in an inert atmosphere, usually town gas, which is a mixture of carbon dioxide and nitrogen. In welding operations, oxides of nitrogen and ozone are gases of major toxicologic importance, and incomplete oxidation may occur and carbon monoxide can form as a byproduct.

Another poor work practice, which has led to fatalities, is the recirculation of diesel exhaust emissions. Increased CO levels can be prevented by strict control of the ventilation and the use of catalytic converters.

Irritant (Corrosive) Atmospheres

Irritant or corrosive atmospheres can be divided into primary and secondary groups. The primary irritants exert no systemic toxic effects (effects on the entire body). Examples of primary irritants are chlorine, ozone, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid, nitrogen dioxide, ammonia, and sulfur dioxide. A secondary irritant is one that may produce systemic toxic effects in addition to surface irritation. Examples of secondary irritants include benzene, carbon tetrachloride, ethyl chloride, trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, and chloropropene.

Irritant gases vary widely among all areas of industrial activity. They can be found in plastics plants, chemical plants, the petroleum industry, tanneries, refrigeration industries, paint manufacturing, and mining operations.

Prolonged exposure at irritant or corrosive concentrations in a confined space may produce little or no evidence of irritation. This may result in a general weakening of the defense reflexes from changes in sensitivity. The danger in this situation is that the worker is usually not aware of any increase in his/her exposure to toxic substances.

Asphyxiating Atmospheres

The normal atmosphere is composed approximately of 20.9% oxygen and 78.1% nitrogen, and 1% argon with small amounts of various other gases. Reduction of oxygen in a confined space may be the result of either consumption or displacement.

The consumption of oxygen takes place during combustion of flammable substances, as in welding, heating, cutting, and brazing. A more subtle consumption of oxygen occurs during bacterial action, as in the fermentation process. Oxygen may also be consumed during chemical reactions as in the formation of rust on the exposed surface of the confined space (iron oxide). The number of people working in a confined space and the amount of their physical activity will also influence the oxygen consumption rate.

A second factor in oxygen deficiency is displacement by another gas. Examples of gases that are used to displace air, and therefore reduce the oxygen level, are helium, argon, and nitrogen. Carbon dioxide may also be used to displace air and can occur naturally in sewers, storage bins, wells, tunnels, wine vats, and grain elevators. Aside from the natural development of these gases, or their use in the chemical process, certain gases are also used as inerting agents to displace flammable substances and retard pyrophoric reactions. Gases such as nitrogen, argon, helium, and carbon dioxide are frequently referred to as non-toxic inert gases but have claimed many lives. The use of nitrogen to inert a confined space has claimed more lives than carbon dioxide. The total displacement of oxygen by nitrogen will cause immediate collapse and death. Carbon dioxide and argon, with specific gravities greater than air, may lie in a tank or manhole for hours or days after opening. Since these gases are colorless and odorless, they pose an immediate hazard to health unless appropriate oxygen measurements and ventilation are adequately carried out.

Oxygen deprivation is one form of asphyxiation. While it is desirable to maintain the atmospheric oxygen level at 21% by volume, the body can tolerate deviation from this ideal. When the oxygen level falls to 17%, the first sign of hypoxia is deterioration to night vision that is not noticeable until a normal oxygen concentration is restored. Physiologic effects are increased breathing volume and accelerated heartbeat. Between 14% and 16%, physiologic effects are increased breathing volume, accelerated heartbeat, very poor muscular coordination, rapid fatigue, and intermittent respiration. Between 6% and 10%, the effects are nausea, vomiting, inability to perform, and unconsciousness. When the body’s oxygen level is less than 6%, the results are spasmatic breathing, convulsive movements, and death in minutes.

Mechanical Hazards

If activation of electrical or mechanical equipment would cause injury, each piece of equipment should be manually isolated to prevent inadvertent activation before workers enter or while they work in a confined space. The interplay of hazards associated with a confined space, such as the potential of flammable vapors or gases being present and the build-up of static charge due to mechanical cleaning (such as abrasive blasting) all influence the precautions that must be taken.

To prevent vapor leaks, flashbacks, and other hazards, workers should completely isolate the space. To completely isolate a confined space, the closing of valves is not sufficient. All pipes must be physically disconnected or isolation blanks bolted in place. Other special precautions must be taken in cases where flammable liquids or vapors may re-contaminate the confined space. The pipes blanked or disconnected should be inspected and tested for leakage to check the effectiveness of the procedure. Other areas of concern are steam valves, pressure lines, and chemical transfer pipes. A less apparent hazard is the space referred to as a void, such as double-walled vessels, which must be given special consideration in blanking off and inerting.

Thermal Effects

Four factors influence the interchange of heat between people and their environment. They are:

1. air temperature
2. air velocity
3. moisture contained in the air
4. radiant heat.

Because of the nature and design of most confined spaces, moisture content and radiant heat are difficult to control. As the body temperature rises progressively, workers will continue to function until the body temperature reaches approximately 102^o F. When this body temperature is exceeded, the workers are less efficient and are prone to heat exhaustion, heat cramps, or heat stroke.

In a cold environment, certain physiologic mechanisms come into play, which tend to limit heat loss and increase heat production. The most severe strain in cold conditions is chilling of the extremities so that activity is restricted. Special precautions must be taken in cold environments to prevent frostbite, trench foot, and general hypothermia.

Protective insulated clothing for both hot and cold environments will add additional bulk to the worker and must be considered in allowing for movement in the confined space and exit time. Therefore, air temperature of the environment becomes an important consideration when evaluating working conditions in confined spaces.

Noise

Noise problems are usually intensified in confined spaces because the interior tends to cause sound to reverberate and thus expose the worker to higher sound levels than those found in an open environment. This intensified noise increases the risk of hearing damage to workers, which could result in temporary or permanent loss of hearing. Noise in a confined space that may not be intense enough to cause hearing damage may still disrupt verbal communication with the emergency standby person on the exterior of the confined space. If the workers inside are not able to hear commands or danger signals due to excessive noise, the probability of severe accidents can increase.

Vibration

Whole body vibration may affect multiple body parts and organs depending upon the vibration characteristics. Segmental vibration, unlike whole body vibration, appears to be more localized in creating injury to the fingers and hands of workers using tools, such as pneumatic hammers, rotary grinders, or other hand tools that cause vibration.

Other Hazards

Some physical hazards cannot be eliminated because of the nature of the confined space or the work to be performed. These hazards include such items as scaffolding, surface residues, and structural hazards. The use of scaffolding in confined spaces has contributed to many accidents caused by workers or materials falling, improper use of guardrails, and lack of maintenance to insure worker safety. The choice of material used for scaffolding depends upon the type of work to be performed, the calculated weight to be supported, and the surface on which the scaffolding is placed, and the substance previously stored in the confined space.

Surface residues in confined spaces can increase the already hazardous conditions of electrical shock, reaction of incompatible materials, liberation of toxic substances, and bodily injury due to slips and falls. Without protective clothing, additional hazards to health may arise due to surface residues.

Structural hazards within a confined space such as baffles in horizontal tanks, trays in vertical towers, bends in tunnels, overhead structural members, or scaffolding installed for maintenance constitute physical hazards, which are exacerbated by the physical surroundings. In dealing with structural hazards, workers must review and enforce safety precautions to assure safety.

                                                                                            Contact: Nan Widseth

218-281-3385

   BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS

Purpose

The Cathedral School Bloodborne Pathogens Control Plan is designed to eliminate or minimize employee exposure to blood or other potentially infectious materials (OPIM). This plan includes an exposure determination for this workplace, the schedule and methods of implementation, and the procedure for the evaluation of circumstances surrounding exposure incidents.

Exposure Determination

Below is a list of job classifications with occupational exposure. Specific tasks/procedures in which occupational exposure occurs are included.

Job Classification: School Nurse

Specific tasks/procedure in which employees have occupational exposure:

• First aid treatment
• Cleaning up blood or OPIM spills
• Disposing of waste contaminated with blood or OPIM

Job Classification: Custodian

Specific task/procedure in which employees have occupational exposure:

• Cleaning up blood or OPIM spills
• Disposing of waste contaminated with blood or OPIM

Job Classification: Secretary/Bus Driver/Coaches/Assistant Coaches/Trainers/

Physical Education Instructors/Paraprofessionals/Playground Supervisor

Specific task/procedure in which employee has occupational exposure:

• First aid treatment
• Cleaning up blood or OPIM spills
• Disposing of waste contaminated with blood or OPIM

Job Classification: Laundry Personnel

Specific task/procedure in which employee has occupational exposure:

• Laundering of waste contaminated with blood or OPIM

Job Classification: Specific Instructors—Art/Industrial Arts/Special Education

Specific task/procedure in which employees have occupational exposure:

• First aid treatment
• Cleaning up blood or OPIM spills
• Disposing of waste contaminated with blood or OPIM

Of course, all personnel may have some chance of exposure during emergency situations (i.e., teachers, instructors). It is our policy, however, that all employees, except those listed above, are prohibited from administering the elements of this plan.  Instead, the procedure is to contact one of the employees listed above for further action, specifically the school nurse or an alternate in their absence.

In emergency situations, however, where a breakdown occurs in this system, and an employee is exposed to blood or another OPIM, actions shall be taken in accordance with this plan.

Job Classification: Biology Staff

Biology curriculum does not currently include blood-typing, whereby students and instructors lance the skin to produce a drop of blood for analysis under a microscope. These affected employees will be included under this plan should the biology curriculum change to include blood-typing.

Methods of Compliance

General

Universal precautions shall be observed. When differentiation between body fluid types is difficult or impossible, all body fluids shall be considered potentially infectious material.

Engineering and Work Practice Controls

• Engineering controls shall be examined and maintained or replaced on a regular schedule to ensure their effectiveness.
• Hand washing facilities, which are readily accessible to employees, will also be provided.
• When provision of hand washing facilities is not feasible, an appropriate antiseptic hand cleanser in conjunction with clean cloth/paper towels or antiseptic towelettes will be provided. When antiseptic hand cleansers or towelettes are used, hands shall be washed with soap and running water as soon as feasible.
• Employees will wash their hands immediately or as soon as feasible after removal of gloves or other personal protective equipment.
• Employees shall wash hands and any other skin with soap and water, or flush mucous membranes with water immediately or as soon as feasible following the contact of such body areas with blood or other potentially infectious materials.
• Contaminated needles and other contaminated sharps shall not be bent, recapped, or removed. Shearing or breaking of contaminated needles is prohibited.
• Such recapping or needle removal must be accomplished through the use of a mechanical device or a one-handed technique.
• Immediately or as soon as possible after use, contaminated reusable sharps shall be placed in appropriate containers until properly processed. These containers shall be:

—    Puncture resistant,

—    Labeled or color-coded in accordance with this standard, and

—    Leak proof on the sides and bottom.

• Eating, drinking, smoking, applying cosmetics or lip balm, and handling contact lenses are prohibited in work areas where there is a reasonable likelihood of occupational exposure.
• Food and drink shall not be kept in refrigerators, freezers, shelves, and cabinets or on countertops or bench tops where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present.
• All procedures involving blood or other potentially infectious materials shall be performed in such a manner as to minimize splashing, spraying, spattering, and generation of droplets of these substances.
• Mouth pipetting/suctioning of blood or other potentially infectious materials is prohibited.
• Specimens of blood or other potentially infectious materials shall be placed in a container, which prevents leakage during collection, handling, processing, storage, transport, or shipping.

—    The container for storage, transport, or shipping shall be labeled or color-coded and closed prior to being stored, transported, or shipped. When a facility utilizes Universal Precautions in the handling of all specimens, the labeling/color-coding of specimens is not necessary provided containers are recognizable as containing specimens. This exemption only applies while such specimens/containers remain within the facility. Labeling or color-coding is required when such specimens/containers leave the facility.

—    If outside contamination of the primary container occurs, the primary container shall be placed within a second container which prevents leakage during handling, processing, storage, transport, or shipping and is labeled or color-coded according to the requirements of this standard.

—    If the specimen could puncture the primary container, the primary container shall be placed within a secondary container, which is puncture-resistant in addition to the above characteristics.

• Equipment that may become contaminated with blood or other potentially infectious materials shall be examined prior to servicing or shipping and shall be decontaminated as necessary, unless decontamination of such equipment or portions of such equipment is not feasible.

—    A readily observable label shall be attached to the equipment stating which portions remain contaminated.

—    This information will be conveyed to all affected employees, the servicing representative, and/or the manufacturer, as appropriate, prior to handling, servicing, or shipping so that appropriate precautions will be taken.

Personal Protective Equipment

• When there is occupational exposure, provisions shall be made, at no cost to the employee, appropriate personal protective equipment such as, but not limited to, gloves, gowns, laboratory coats, face shields, masks, eye protection, mouthpieces, resuscitation bags, pocket masks, or other ventilation devices. Personal protective equipment will be considered “appropriate” only if it does not permit blood or other potentially infectious materials to pass through to or reach the employee’s work clothes, street clothes, undergarments, skin, eyes, mouth, or other mucous membranes under normal conditions of use and for the duration of time which the protective equipment will be used.
• Use: The employee shall use appropriate personal protective equipment as determined by the employee’s professional judgment that in a specific instance its use would have prevented the delivery of health care or public safety services or would have imposed an increased hazard to the safety of the worker or co-worker. When the employee makes this judgment, the circumstances shall be investigated and documented in order to determine whether changes can be instituted to prevent such occurrences in the future.
• Accessibility: Appropriate personal protective equipment in the appropriate sizes will be readily accessible at the worksheet or be issued. Hypoallergenic gloves, glove liners, powerless gloves, or other similar alternative shall be readily accessible to those employees who are allergic to the gloves normally provided.
• Cleaning, Laundering, and Disposal: The employer will clean, launder, and dispose of personal protective equipment required, at no cost to the employee.
• Repair and Replacement: The employer will repair or replace personal protective equipment as needed to maintain its effectiveness, at no cost to the employee.
• Gloves: Gloves shall be worn when it can be reasonably anticipated that the employee may have hand contact with blood, other potentially infectious materials, mucous membranes, and non-intact skin, and when handling or touching contaminated items or surfaces.

—    Disposable (single use) gloves such as surgical or examination gloves shall be replaced as soon as practical when contaminated or as soon as feasible if they are torn, punctured, or when their ability to function as a barrier has been compromised.

—    Disposable (single use) gloves shall not be washed or decontaminated for re-use.

—    Utility gloves may be decontaminated for re-use if the integrity of the glove is not compromised. However, they must be discarded if they are cracked, peeling, torn, punctured, or exhibit other signs of deterioration or when their ability to function as a barrier is compromised.

• Masks, Eye Protection, and Face Shields: Masks in combination with eye protection devices, such as goggles or glasses with solid side shields, or chin-length face shields, shall be worn whenever splashes, spray, spatter, or droplets or other potentially infectious materials may be generated and eye, nose, or mouth contamination can be reasonably anticipated.
• Gowns, Aprons, and Other Protective Body Clothing: Appropriate protective clothing such as, but not limited to, gowns, aprons, lab coats, clinic jackets, or similar outer garments shall be worn in occupational exposure situations. The type and characteristics will depend upon the task and degree of exposure anticipated.
• If blood or other potentially infectious materials penetrate a garment(s), the garment(s) shall be removed immediately or as soon as possible.
• All personal protective equipment shall be removed prior to leaving the work area.
• When personal protective equipment is removed it shall be placed in an appropriately designated area or container for storage, washing, decontamination, or disposal.

Protective Equipment by Job Classification

Cathedral School has determined, in the “EXPOSURE DETERMINATION” section of this plan, that custodians, school nurse, secretaries, bus drivers, coaches, assistant coaches, trainers, physical education instructors, biology staff (when blood-typing), paraprofessionals, playground supervisors, laundry personnel, and specific instructors (art/industrial arts/special education) have been classified as having a potential exposure to blood or potentially infectious materials in our work place. Therefore, as a matter of policy, the school district shall provide and make available the following: Personal Protective Equipment:

1. Gloves
2. Gowns
3. Lab Coats
4. Face Shields (masks, eye protection, mouthpieces, etc.)
5. Absorbent Toweling
6. Antiseptic Towelettes
7. Spray Disinfectant
8. Container, bag within first barrier bag
9. Secondary container, bag with color-coded markings
10. Prepackaged Body Fluid Clean-Up Kits
11. Prefabricated, commercially available Sharps Containers

Affected employees shall determine the extent of necessary Personal Protective Equipment on a case-by-case basis; however, it is a matter of policy for the school district to ensure that affected employees use the appropriate Personal Protective Equipment. Employee Training will assist in augmenting this policy.

Housekeeping

• The work area shall be maintained in a clean and sanitary condition. Written schedules for cleaning and method of decontamination based upon the location within the facility, type of surface to be cleaned, type of soil present, and tasks or procedures being performed in the area will be implemented.
• All equipment and environmental and working surfaces shall be cleaned and decontaminated after contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials.

A. Contaminated work surfaces shall be decontaminated with an appropriate disinfectant after completion of procedures; immediately or as soon as feasible when surfaces are overtly contaminated or after any spill of blood or other potentially infectious materials; and at the end of the work shift if the surface may have been contaminated since the last cleaning.

B. Protective coverings, such as plastic wrap, aluminum foil, or imperviously-backed absorbent paper used to cover equipment and environmental surfaces, shall be removed and replaced as soon as feasible when they become overtly contaminated or at the end of the work shift if they may have become contaminated during the shift.

C. All bins, pails, cans, and similar receptacles intended for reuse which have a reasonable likelihood for becoming contaminated with blood or other potentially infectious materials shall be inspected and decontaminated on a regularly scheduled basis and cleaned and decontaminated immediately or as soon as feasible upon visible contaminated.

D. Broken glassware, which may be contaminated, shall not be picked up directly with the hands. It shall be cleaned up using mechanical means such as a brush and dustpan, tongs, or forceps.

E. Reusable sharps that are contaminated with blood or other potentially infectious materials shall not be stored or processed in a manner that requires employees to reach by hand into the containers where these sharps have been placed.

• Regulated Waste

A. Contaminated Sharps Discarding and Containment

• Contaminated sharps shall be discarded immediately or as soon as feasible in containers that are:
  • Collapsible,
  • Puncture resistant,
  • Leak proof on sides and bottom, and
  • Labeled or color-coded.

2. During use, containers for contaminated sharps shall be:

• Easily accessible to personnel and located as close as is feasible to the immediate area where sharps are used or can be reasonably anticipated to be found (e.g., laundries),
• Maintained upright throughout use, and
• Replaced routinely and not allowed to overfill.

3. When moving containers or contaminated sharps from the area of use, the containers shall be:

• Closed immediately prior to removal or replacement to prevent spillage or protrusion of contents during handling, storage, transport, or shipping; and
• Placed in a secondary container if leakage is possible. The second container shall be:
  • Collapsible;
  • Constructed to contain all contents and prevent leakage during handling, storage, transport, or shipping; and
  •  Labeled or color-coded.

4. Reusable containers shall not be opened, emptied, or cleaned manually or in any other manner that would expose employees to the risk of percutaneous injury.

B. Other Regulated Waste Containment

• Regulated Waste shall be placed in containers that are:
  • Collapsible;
  • Constructed to contain all contents and prevent leakage of fluids during handling, storage, transport, or shipping;
  • Labeled or color-coded; and
  • Closed prior to removal to prevent spillage or protrusion of contents during handling, storage, transport, or shipping.

2. Contaminated laundry shall be placed and transported in bags or containers labeled or color-coded. When a facility utilizes Universal Precautions in the handling of all soiled laundry, alternative labeling or color-coding is sufficient if it permits all employees to recognize the containers as requiring compliance with Universal Precautions.
   • Whenever contaminated laundry is wet and presents a reasonable likelihood of soak-through of or leakage from the bag or container, the laundry shall be placed and transported in bags or containers that prevent soak-through and/or leakage of fluids to the exterior.
   • The employer shall ensure that employees who have contact with contaminated laundry wear protective gloves and other appropriate personal protective equipment.
   • When a facility ships contaminated laundry off-site to a second facility which does not utilize Universal Precautions in the handling of all laundry, the facility generating the contaminated laundry must place such laundry in bags or containers which are labeled or color-coded.

Hepatitis B Vaccination/Post-exposure Evaluation and Follow-up

• The Hepatitis B vaccine and vaccination series will be made available to all employees who have had occupational exposure, and post-exposure evaluation and follow-up will be made available to all employees who have had an exposure incident.

• All medical evaluations and procedures including the Hepatitis B vaccine and vaccination series and post-exposure evaluation follow up, including prophylactics, will be:

—    Made available at no cost to the employee,

—    Made available to the employee at a reasonable time and place,

—    Performed by or under the supervision of a licensed physician or by or under the supervision of another licensed healthcare professional,

—    Provided according to recommendations of the U.S. Public Health Service current at the time these evaluations and procedures take place, and

—    Conducted by an accredited laboratory at no cost to the employee.

Hepatitis B Vaccination

• Hepatitis B vaccination will be made available after the employee has received the training required.

• Participation in a pre-screening program is not a prerequisite for receiving Hepatitis B vaccination.

• If the employee initially declines Hepatitis B vaccination but at a later date, while still covered under the standard, decides to accept, it will be made available.

• Employees who decline to accept Hepatitis B vaccination offered by the employer will sign a statement of such intent.

• If the U.S. Public Health Service recommends a routine booster dose(s) of Hepatitis B vaccine at a future date, such booster dose(s) will be made available.

Post-exposure Evaluation and Follow-up

• Following a report of an exposure incident, the employer will make immediately available to the exposed employee a confidential medical evaluation and follow-up to include at a minimum the following elements:

A. Documentation of the route(s) of exposure, and the circumstances under which the exposure incident occurred;

B. Identification and documentation of the source individual, unless the employer can establish that identification is infeasible or prohibited by state or local law;

1. The source individual’s blood shall be tested as soon as feasible and after consent is obtained in order to determine HBV and HIV infectivity. If consent is not obtained, the employer shall establish that legally required consent cannot be obtained. When law does not require the source individual’s consent, the source individual’s blood, if available, shall be tested and the results documented.
2. When the source individual is already known to be infected with HBV or HIV, testing for the source individual’s known HBV or HIV status need not be repeated.

3. Results of the source individual’s testing shall be made available to the exposed employee, and the employee will be informed of applicable laws and regulations concerning disclosure of the identify and infectious status of the source individual.

C. Collection and testing of blood for HBV and HIV serological status;

1. The exposed employee’s blood shall be collected as soon as feasible and tested after consent is obtained.
2. If the employee consents to baseline blood collection, but does not give consent at the time for HIV serologic testing, the sample shall be preserved for at least 90 days. If, within 90 days of the exposure incident, the employee elects to have the baseline sample tested, such testing shall be done as soon as possible.

D. Post-exposure prophylaxis, when medically indicated, as recommended by the U.S. Public Health Service;

E. Counseling; and

F. Evaluation of reported illness.

Information provided to the Healthcare Professional

• The employer will ensure that the healthcare professional responsible for the employee’s Hepatitis B vaccination is provided a copy of this regulation.
• The employer shall ensure that the healthcare professional evaluating an employee after an exposure incident is provided the following information:
  • A copy of this regulation;
  • A description of the exposed employee’s duties as they relate to the exposure incident;
  • Documentation of the route(s) of exposure and circumstances under which exposure occurred;
  • Results of the source individual’s blood testing, if available, and;
  • All medical records relevant to the appropriate treatment of the employee, including vaccination status, which are the employer’s responsibility to maintain.

Healthcare Professional’s Written Opinion

• The employer will obtain and provide the employee with a copy of the evaluating healthcare professional’s written opinion within 15 days of the completion of the evaluation.
  • The healthcare professional’s written opinion for Hepatitis B vaccination shall be limited to whether Hepatitis B vaccination is indicated for an employee, and if the employee has received such vaccination.
  • The healthcare professional’s written opinion for post-exposure evaluation and follow-up shall be limited to the following information:

1. That the employee has been informed of the results of the evaluation
2. That the employee has been told about any medical condition resulting from the exposure to blood or other potentially infectious materials which require further evaluation or treatment. All other findings or diagnoses shall remain confidential and shall not be included in the written report.

Medical Recordkeeping

• Medical records required by this standard shall be maintained.

Information and Training

• Training shall be provided as follows:
  • At the time of initial assignment to tasks where occupational exposure may take place,
  • Within 90 days after the effective date of the standard, and
  • At least annually thereafter.

• For employees who have received training on bloodborne pathogens in the year preceding the effective date of the standard, only training with respect to the provisions of the standard which were not included need be provided.

• Annual training for all employees shall be provided within one year of their previous training.

• Employers shall provide additional training when changes such as modification of tasks or procedures or institution of new tasks or procedures affect the employee’s occupational exposure. The additional training may be limited to addressing the new exposures created.

• Material appropriate in content and vocabulary to educational level, literacy, and language of employees shall be used.

• The training program will contain at a minimum the following elements:
  • An accessible copy of the regulatory text of this standard and an explanation of its contents;
  • A general explanation of the epidemiology and symptoms of bloodborne diseases;
  • An explanation of the modes of transmission of bloodborne pathogens;
  • An explanation of the employer’s exposure control plan and the means by which the employee can obtain a copy of the written plan;
  • An explanation of the appropriate methods for recognizing tasks and other potentially infectious materials;
  • An explanation of the use and limitations of methods that will prevent or reduce exposure including appropriate engineering controls, work practices, and personal protective equipment;
  • Information on the types, proper uses, location, removal, handling, documentation, and disposal of personal protective equipment;
  • An explanation of the basis for selection of personal protective equipment;
  • Information on the Hepatitis B vaccination, including information on its efficacy, safety method of administration, and the benefits of being vaccinated and vaccination will be offered free of charge;
  • Information on the appropriate actions to take and persons to contact in an emergency involving blood or other potentially infectious materials;
  • An explanation of the procedure to follow if an exposure incident occurs, including the method of reporting the incident and the medical follow-up that will be made available;
  • Information on the post-exposure evaluation and follow-up that the employer is required to provide for the employee following an exposure incident;
  • An explanation of the signs and labels and/or color-coding; and
  • An opportunity for interactive questions and answers with the person conducting the training session.

Record Keeping

Medical Records

• An accurate record will be maintained and established.
• This record shall include:
  • The name and social security number of the employee;
  • A copy of the employee’s Hepatitis B vaccination status including the dates of all the employee’s Hepatitis B vaccinations and any medical records relative to the employee’s ability to receive vaccination;
  • A copy of all results of examinations, medical testing, and follow-up procedures;
  • The employer’s copy of the healthcare professional’s written opinion; and
  • A copy of the information provided to the healthcare professional;

• Medical records will be:
  • Kept confidential, and
  • Not be disclosed or reported without the employee’s express written consent to any person within or outside the workplace except as required by this section or as may be required by law.

• The employer will maintain the records required for at least the duration of employment plus 30 years.

Training Records

• Training records shall include the following information:
  • The dates of training sessions,
  • The contents or a summary of the training sessions,
  • The names and qualifications of persons conducting the training, and
  • The names and job titles of all persons attending the training sessions.

Availability

• All records required to be maintained by this section shall be made available upon request to the Assistant Secretary and the Director for examination and copying.

• Employee training records required by this paragraph will be provided upon request for examination and copying to the subject employee, to anyone having written consent of the subject employee, to the Director, and to the Administrative Secretary.

• Employee medical records required by this paragraph will be provided upon request for examination and copying to the subject employee, to anyone having written consent of the subject employee, to the Director, and to the Administrative Secretary.

Transfer of Records

• The employer shall comply with the requirements involving transfer of records set forth in 29 CFR 1910.20(b).

• If the employee ceases to do business and there is no successor employer to receive and retain the records for the prescribed period, the employer shall notify the Director at least three months prior to their disposal and transmit the records to the Director, if required by the Director to do so, within the three-month period.

Employer’s Audit

• An annual review of the Control Plan will be conducted.

Hepatitis B Vaccination Declination Form

I understand that due to my occupational exposure to blood or other potentially infectious materials I may be at risk of acquiring hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.

I have been given the opportunity to be vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine at no charge to myself.

However, I decline hepatitis B vaccine at this time. I understand that by declining this vaccine, I continue to be at risk of acquiring hepatitis B, a serious disease.

If in the future I continue to have occupational exposure to blood and/or other potentially infectious materials and I want to be vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine, I may receive the vaccination series at no charge to me.

Please Print:

Name_____________________________________ Date of Birth________________

Social Security or Visa #_______________________ Employee #_________________

Department and Lab room #_______________________________________________

Principal Investigator____________________________________________________

Signature__________________________________ Date______________________

Contact «Bloodborne» if you have questions filling out this form

AWAIR – A WORKPLACE

ACCIDENT AND INJURY REDUCTION PROGRAM

I. POLICY STATEMENT

The safety of our employees is the foremost consideration in the operations of Cathedral School.  Accidents and injuries are not only costly to the school and the individual workers, but are often disastrous to the future of their families. Cathedral School endeavors to provide our employees with a work place free of recognized health and safety hazards in an effort to conserve our human and financial resources. It is our school policy that everything within reason will be done to maintain a safe workplace for all employees. Cathedral School supports the concept of returning injured employees to work in a productive position within our school at the earliest, medically possible opportunity. We believe that each employee has a place in our accident prevention program and is expected to cooperate fully in all measures taken to control and prevent losses.

II. SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAM DESCRIPTION

The objective of our health and safety program is to reduce employee accidents, injuries and illnesses through:

1. Maintenance of safe and healthful working conditions.
2. Insuring employee adherence to proper operating practices and procedures designed to prevent accidents, injuries and illnesses.
3. Observing, applying and complying with all Federal, State and Local safety regulations. Including, but not limited to:

School Emergency Action Plan

Employee Right to Know Program

Personal Protective Equipment Standard

Lock out \ Tag Out Program

Confined Space Entry Program

Hearing Conservation Program

Blood borne Pathogen Program

Respirator Program

4. Ensuring that each employee is properly trained and instructed in job procedures prior to job assignments.
5. Providing regular safety meetings for all employees as a means of obtaining new and updated information and training.
6. Conducting periodic safety and fire inspections to identify potential workplace hazards.
7. Conducting accident investigations to determine the cause of accidents and what actions are necessary to prevent future reoccurrence.
8. Implementing a management/labor safety committee.

III. RESPONSIBILITIES FOR WORKPLACE ACCIDENT AND INJURY CONTROL

Although safety is the responsibility of every employee, District management is responsible for the implementation, maintenance and enforcement of safety and health policies and procedures. These efforts will be in the form of employee education in safety and health practices, periodic safety inspections of the facilities and work sites and school safety meetings to review safety concerns and provide a forum for employee education. Specific responsibilities/accountabilities for safety are as follows:

The District has appointed «AWAIR» to be the school SAFETY COORDINATOR.

The Safety Coordinator will:

• Establish and maintain a health and safety reference library.
• Keep apprised of changes in health and safety regulations.
• Conduct accident investigations and safety inspections.
• File appropriate reports concerning accidents or illnesses.
• Provide safety-training programs to new and existing employees.
• Train managers and supervisors in their safety responsibilities.
• Accompany outside safety inspectors and consultants on tours of the facilities.
• Follow up on recommendations made by management, employees, the safety committee, outside inspectors and consultants.
• Maintain the accident record keeping systems and the OSHA logs.
• Maintain safety-training records (date, topic, content, attendance).
• Audit school safety performance and the goals of the AWAIR program.

 School Administration – Is responsible for the development, implementation and maintenance of the health and safety program. Managers will assign specific safety responsibilities and establish accountability measures. They will provide the resources needed to comply with all safety regulations and programs. Management will insure that accident investigations are conducted after every reported incident, regardless of whether an illness or injury occurred. These incident reports will be analyzed by managers to determine corrective measures for preventing reoccurrence.

Supervisors – are responsible for overall safety of the specific operations of the school.

Supervisors will consistently enforce all safety rules and ensure that safe practices are followed. In the event of an accident, supervisors will insure employees receive proper medical attention and that an accident report is completed. Supervisors will arrange for the correction of unsafe work conditions or procedures.

Employees – are responsible for day to day work activities and are responsible for complying with all safety regulations, school safety rules, following safe job procedures and notifying the lead worker or supervisor in the event of accident or unsafe work conditions.

IV. SAFETY COMMITTEE

The purpose of the safety committee is to assist in the detection and elimination of unsafe conditions and work procedures utilizing the following measures:

• «AWAIR» will oversee the committee and maintain records of committee activities. Copies of minutes shall be provided to:
  • Management
  • Committee members
  • Employees by posting on bulletin boards
• Management representatives from each work area ( i.e. office, warehouse, shop, etc.) should be present at each meeting. In the event they are unable to attend an alternate should attend.
• Employees shall select fellow workers from each work area to represent them on the committee.
• The terms for all committee members should be no more than one year (with the exception of the safety coordinator). Should a vacancy occur a new member from the represented area shall be selected.
• The frequency of meetings shall be determined by the committee, but shall not be less that once per month.
• The committee shall determine the date, hour and location of meetings.
• The length of each meeting shall not exceed one hour.

Scope of activities:

• Conduct safety inspections
• Assist in accident investigations to uncover trends
• Review accident reports to determine means of eliminating accidents
• Accept and evaluate employee suggestions and concerns
• Promote and publicize safety
• Monitor safety program effectiveness
• Review job procedures and recommend improvements

V. INSPECTIONS

Safety inspections of District facilities will occur on a continual basis and may be performed by the safety coordinator, managers, supervisors, consultants, insurance agents, government representatives and/or the safety committee.

These inspections will take the following form:

Departmental or work site analysis – inspections involve wall-to-wall inspection of a given department or work site and are normally performed in the presence of a departmental supervisor. These inspections will include:

• Art Facilities
• Dark Room
• Wood Shop
• Kitchen
• Metals shop
• Agricultural Shop
• Graphic Arts
• Maintenance/Custodial
• Grounds/garage
• Sciences
• Halls, gyms, etc.

Critical Items – involve the inspection of stationary and hand tools, processes, or areas, with a critical eye for possible sources of injury and methods of making these areas safer to employees.

Special Purpose – inspections will involve specialized tests or evaluations including, but not exclusive to:

Air quality

Noise

Ventilation

Ergonomics

VI. SCHOOL SAFETY RULES AND STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES

Each District employee is part of the safety team. Co-workers are dependent on each person correctly performing their assigned duties. The keys to preventing accidents are; following safety rules and procedures by all employees, the proper use of all machines, equipment and personal protective equipment. The following rules are provided to help employees perform their jobs safely and correctly. Compliance with these rules is required to help prevent injuries to individual employees or others and to prevent damage to property.

These rules apply throughout the school, although some departments, because of their specialized work, may have special, additional rules. Employees are required to read all safety rules, to know and follow them. A copy of the safety rules will be given to each employee and will be posted on school bulletin boards. New employees will receive a copy of the safety rules upon hire. Employees are asked to sign an acknowledgment form that states that they have read the safety rules and understand them. This form will be kept with the employees personnel file. Violations of safety rules or safety instructions may be followed by disciplinary action even though the particular violation did not result in an accident. These rules may not be completely detailed or all-inclusive, therefore, whenever unique or unusual problems arise or more specific information is necessary employees are to contact their supervisor.

SAFETY RULES

All Employees will:

1. Observe all Cathedral School safety and health rules and apply the principles of accident prevention in all day-to-day activities.
2. Refrain from horseplay, throwing objects, scuffling, fooling around and/or distracting others in ways that may lead to injuries.
3. Obey all posted rules, warning signs and no smoking areas.
4. Read safety bulletins.
5. Never report to work under the influence of alcoholic beverages or drugs nor shall any employee consume, purchase or possess these items while on school premises.
6. Never climb upon, through, under or around racking, pallets, trucks, equipment, forklifts, rail cars or other obstructions.
7. Not attempt to lift or push objects that may be too heavy for them. Ask for help when needed. Learn to use correct lifting techniques to avoid strains: bend knees, keep upper body erect, push with the legs.
8. Advise fellow employees to work safely and warn workers who are working carelessly.
9. Remove jewelry, rings, bracelets and chains as these items may get caught in machinery or cause accidents.
10. Always use proper personal protective equipment for each assigned job.
11. Report hazards to lead workers or supervisors immediately.
12. Never wear frayed or loose clothing or unrestrained hair in areas where it may get caught in machinery.
13. Check to make sure ladders are free from defects, broken rungs and have solid feet.
14. Never use makeshift ladders, scaffolding or climb on boxes.
15. Never tamper with electrical switches, extension cords or circuits unless authorized.
16. Always shut down machines before cleaning, adjusting or repairing. Lock and tag the machine and switches.
17. Never oil machines while in motion.
18. Never use hands to remove obstructions from equipment unless equipment is shut off and locked and tagged.
19. Never use defective hand tools.
20. Never operate equipment for which you have not been properly trained and authorized. Observe safe operating procedures for equipment or processes.
21. Always insure that they follow safe procedures and use all safety devices and equipment. Never operate machines when guards are not in place. Guards must never be removed except when necessary to make adjustments or repairs or when their use is impractical, and they should be replaced immediately upon completion of work.
22. Never alter equipment without prior authorization.
23. Always wear respirators when there are heavy fumes or dust present. Insure that proper training in the use, care and cleaning of respirators has been received prior to use.
24. Always wear appropriate footwear for each assigned task.
25. Always keep work areas and floor clean. Put all oily and wet materials in proper containers. Put all rubbish in containers provided. Pick up all broken pallets and wrapping from floor.
26. Keep doors, aisles, control switches, emergency equipment, fire extinguishers eyewashes, first aid kits and exits clear.
27. Learn the location of fire fighting equipment, safety exits and evacuation procedures for their department.
28. Report all accidents, near misses and injuries to their supervisor immediately.
29. Always find out the safe way to perform a task.
30. Actively support and participate in the school’s efforts to provide a workplace accident and injury reduction program.

VIII. ENFORCEMENT

The following procedures will be followed in dealing with safety infractions:

1. Any employee observed committing an unsafe act, violation of safety rules or    causing an unsafe condition to exist will be stopped immediately and questioned.
2. The reason for the violation will be determined.
3. Instruction in the safe procedure will be given. When this instruction is given the following will be observed:
   • Tell the employee what is to be done.
   • Show the employee the correct way to do the job.
   • Test the employee, let them practice, observe and suggest improvements as needed.
   • Check the employee by following up after the employee has returned to work to see that the safety rules are being followed.
   • Unsafe conditions will be corrected at once. If unable to do so, all employees involved will be warned of the hazard. Prompt notification of those responsible for making the correction will be made.
   • Employees will be spot checked occasionally to see that they are following instructions.

ACTION REQUIRED FOR VIOLATION OF SCHOOL SAFETY RULES.

1. Verbal warning – Employee will be given a verbal warning for a minor offense. A record of this warning should be placed in employees personnel file.
2. Written warning – Employee will be given a written warning for relatively serious or repeat offenses. Copies of the written warning are filed in employees personnel file.
3. Suspension – Employees may be suspended from duty without pay and with a written warning for continual repeated offenses or severe violations that result in injury to him/herself and /or others.
4. Termination of employment – may occur for flagrant violations of school policies and procedures. Dismissal may also occur if employees persist in continued or repeated violations of school rules and/or their work, after repeated warnings, continues at an unacceptable level of performance.

IX. ACTION PLAN FOR IMPLEMENTATION

A. WRITTEN EMPLOYEE TRAINING PROGRAM

• Communications – Each employee will receive a copy of this program for review and training. All new employees will receive this information through the new employee orientation process. Additionally, employees will be kept aware of changes and additions to the program through: notices on bulletin boards, signs, school newsletters, booklets and accident alert notices.

• Supervisor training – All supervisors will receive copies of this AWAIR program and instructions on how to train their employees in this material. Supervisors will receive training in new processes and procedures, as these programs are developed and prior to the assignment of employees in these areas. School management, vendors or consultants will conduct this training. Refresher training will be provided as needed, but not less than annually.
• New employee orientation – Orientation will begin the first day of employment for all new employees, rehires, and part-time employees. The orientation program will include school policies and rules and will provide a thorough safety briefing, as it relates to the job the employee will be performing. The orientation will include:
  1. A tour of the facilities to acquaint employees with the scope of operations. This tour will identify: Emergency facilities, locations of emergency exits, telephones, warning sirens, first aid kits, supervisors offices, eye washes and other emergency equipment.
  2. Explanation of how the employee’s job is important to the finished product or service.
  3. Applicable training sections on:
     1. School safety and health policy
     2. Employee responsibilities
     3. Safety rules and enforcement
     4. School emergency action plan
     5. Employee Right to Know
     6. Blood borne pathogens
     7. Lock out/tag out procedures
     8. Confined space entry
     9. Personal protective equipment

4. The employee’s immediate supervisor will thoroughly instruct the employee in the specific safety and health requirements of each job before assigning the employee. A safety orientation checklist must be completed by checking each item as it is covered, signed by the supervisor, the employee and placed in the employees personnel file.

5. Existing employee training will include:
   1. Regular safety meetings
   2. Training on new hazards or operations
   3. Training prior to all work assignments, including specific hazards
   4. Annual refreshers on all existing school safety programs
   5. Specialized training would include, one time use of certain equipment, first aid training, emergency response training, etc.

B. HAZARD ASSESSMENT AND CONTROL

Cathedral School will conduct safety surveys of all departments and work sites on a periodic basis to determine potential hazards that may be encountered in the normal course of duty.

Periodic follow-up surveys and/or environmental sampling may be conducted when it is believed employees may be exposed to hazardous materials in concentrations that may be above recognized OSHA standards. Qualified individuals retained by the school may conduct this sampling. Results of the sampling will be provided to employees on a timely basis.

Employees are encouraged to report potential hazards and unsafe conditions to their supervisor or lead worker. It will be the responsibility of the supervisor to verify whether or not a hazardous condition actually exists and to initiate corrective actions should they be necessary.

It will be the responsibility of the supervisor to report noted hazards to the safety coordinator who will document the identified hazard and the corrective actions taken. This documentation will be kept on file with the safety coordinator.

Once hazards are identified we will take measures either eliminate the hazards by removing them from our operations or work sites or to control those hazards through:

• Engineering controls – which would include replacing defective equipment, changing processes, utilizing different procedures or making additions or modifications to facilities, equipment or processes that would eliminate or control identified hazards.
• Administrative controls– that will be implemented after all practical engineering controls have been reviewed, include: new procedures, limits on employee exposures, written policies and training.
• Personal protective equipment – is the final method of controlling hazards and will be implemented upon review of engineering and administrative controls. Personal protective equipment will be provided for all tasks that present risks that cannot be reasonably controlled using the other two methods. The use of PPE will always require administrative controls in the form of written policies and formal training of the employees exposed to the identified hazard.

C. ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION

The school recognizes that accidents do not “just happen”, rather they are caused by a series of actions, steps or failures. Once these steps are identified, they can be eliminated or controlled. The purpose of accident investigations is not to place blame, but rather to determine the cause of the accident or “near miss” and eliminate the causative factors. Accident investigations begin with prompt reporting of accidents by employees to supervisors. It is then the responsibility of the supervisor to insure that employees receive prompt medical attention as required. Basic information collected at the scene of the accident should be entered on the District accident report form. Supervisors have access to copies of these forms. Upon completion of the form it should be sent to the safety coordinator to review and corrective actions should be taken to prevent a reoccurrence.

The safety coordinator will monitor all workplace injuries and illnesses. These injuries and illnesses will be recorded on the OSHA 200 log which will be posted on school bulletin boards each February.

The safety coordinator, managers and insurance staff will be responsible for monitoring these records to identify trends that may indicate previously unidentified hazards or additional training that may be required.

D. ACCOUNTABILITY

All employees are responsible for safety; therefore safety will be one item that is included in every employee’s job description.

Safety attitude and participation will also be considered as part of all employee performance reviews.

For employees – accountability includes adherence to safety rules and procedures, using protective equipment as required, participation on the safety committee and prompt reporting of any hazard.

For Supervisors– accountabilities include training new and existing employees in safe practices, enforcement of safety rules and procedures, prompt reporting and correction of hazards, accident investigations, department safety inspections, positive reinforcement of safe behavior and timely employee communications.

For Managers – accountabilities include all of the areas required for supervisors with the addition of participation on the safety committee, reductions in injury rates and workers compensation costs, accident investigations, proactive elimination of hazards and demonstrated leadership in safety related matters.

E. ESTABLISHED GOALS

The number one goal of the Cathedral School AWAIR program is to establish a safe work environment for all school employees. In order to measure the effectiveness of our program the school has established the following additional goals:

1. Reduction in lost workday incidence rate (LWDIR) that is calculated using the following formula:

• Number of lost time injuries/illnesses per year X 200,000
• LWDIR = Total number of employee hours worked during the year

2. Reduction in workers compensation premium.
3. Reduction in accident reports filed.
4. Reduction in near miss accidents.
5. Actual documentation of hazards removed from the work place.

X. ANNUAL PROGRAM REVIEW

District safety and health efforts are ongoing and will be reviewed and updated annually or as often as necessary to help us meet our program goals.

Contact: Mitch Walski

218-281-1835

ASBESTOS MANAGEMENT

Purpose

The purpose of this program is to establish guidelines and procedures in the operations and maintenance of Asbestos Containing Material (ACM) at Cathedral School to protect all employees, contractors, visitors, and vendors from potential health hazards of asbestos-related diseases.

This Program applies to all buildings and structures owned by Cathedral School, to all employees and sub contractors of Cathedral School, to occupants Cathedral School buildings, and to external organizations that may come into contact with or disturb ACM in Cathedral School buildings. The Program applies to routine work during which an employee might encounter asbestos as well as work undertaken to repair or remove ACM.

Policy

It is the policy of Cathedral School that only qualified employees shall be involved in any asbestos repairs, maintenance, or removal. All unqualified employees shall be protected from exposure to asbestos fibers by isolating and controlling access to all affected areas during asbestos work. All tasks involving the disturbance of ACM will be conducted only after appropriate work controls have been identified and implemented. A qualified supervisor shall be available at asbestos-controlled work sites during all activities. Proper personal protective equipment, vacuums, and HEPA filters shall be used and properly maintained. If outside contractors are used, the Cathedral School shall ensure all contractor employees have been properly trained and have been issued proper equipment and protective gear.

Responsibilities

Management

• Ensure all ACM is identified and labeled
• Ensure training is effective for authorized employees
• Conduct medical surveillance of affected employees
• Establish engineering controls for all work with ACM
• Provide adequate and proper equipment and personal protective gear
• Ensure proper disposal of all ACM
• Ensure that annual notifications are published

Supervisors

• Qualified supervisors shall provide effective on-site management during work with ACM.
• Supervisors will notify «Asbestos» immediately upon discovering damaged asbestos material.

Employees

• Qualified employees must follow the exact procedures for repair or removal of ACM, including proper use of containment equipment, clean up equipment, and personal protective gear.
• Unqualified employees are to stay clear of all asbestos work areas and report any damaged ACM to their supervisor.

Hazards

Asbestos is a common, naturally occurring group of fibrous minerals. Asbestos fibers have been used in a variety of building materials, however, the Cathedral School takes an aggressive effort to use non-asbestos containing materials in new construction and renovation projects. Generally, most asbestos is found in pipe insulation, doors, textured paints and plasters, structural fireproofing, and floor tiles. Friable asbestos (that is, material that contains more than 0.1% asbestos by weight and can be crumbled by hand) is a potential hazard because it can release fibers into the air if damaged.  Long-term exposure to airborne asbestos is necessary for chronic lung disease. Significant and long-term exposure to asbestos from activities that directly disturb ACM (such as asbestos mining) can lead to a variety of respiratory diseases, including asbestosis and mesothelioma (cancer of the lung lining). Asbestosis is a non-malignant, irreversible disease resulting in fibrosis of the lung. Asbestos-related cancers tend also to result from substantial long-term exposure; however, mesothelioma may result from much smaller exposures to asbestos.

Hazard Control

Engineering Controls

Engineering controls include the use of enclosures such as monitoring equipment, glove bags, tenting, negative pressure work areas, HEPA filters, controlled vacuums, water misters, and other equipment to ensure containment and clean up of asbestos work areas.

Administrative Controls

All qualified workers shall be issued proper personal protective equipment, such as respirators, disposable coveralls, gloves, etc. Written procedures and management authorizations are required for all work involving ACM.

Training Controls

All qualified employees, supervisors, and managers shall receive the proper level of training, as outlined in this program.

Definitions

 Asbestos is a generic term describing a family of naturally occurring fibrous silicate minerals. As a group, the minerals are noncombustible, do not conduct heat or electricity, and are resistant to many chemicals. Although there are several other varieties that have been used commercially, the most common asbestos mineral types likely to be encountered in District buildings are chrysotile (white asbestos), amosite (brown asbestos), and crocidolite (blue asbestos). Among these, white asbestos is by far the most common asbestos mineral present in District buildings.

Friable Asbestos means finely divided asbestos or ACM or any ACM that can be crumbled, pulverized, or powdered by hand pressure. Individual fibers in friable ACM can potentially become airborne and can then present a health hazard. Three types of friable material commonly used in buildings are sprayed fibrous fireproofing, decorative or acoustic texture coatings, and thermal insulation.

Non-friable Asbestos includes a range of products in which asbestos fiber is effectively bound in a solid matrix from which asbestos fiber cannot normally escape. Non-friable asbestos includes a variety of products including asbestos cement tiles and boards and asbestos-reinforced vinyl floor tiles. Cutting, braking, sanding, drilling, or similar activities can release asbestos fiber from even non-friable asbestos materials.

Asbestos Work Categories

 Category 1 work includes the installation or removal of non-friable asbestos in which the asbestos fiber is locked in a binder such as cement, vinyl, or asphalt that holds the material together.

Category 2 work involves work with friable asbestos that is of short duration in situations which create low levels of airborne asbestos. Examples of category 2 work are enclosure of friable asbestos; application of tape or sealant to asbestos-containing pipe insulation; minor removal of friable asbestos; and minor installation, maintenance, or repair work above false ceilings where sprayed asbestos fireproofing is present on beams.

Category 3 Work involves possible exposure to friable asbestos over long periods of time or work that generates high levels of asbestos. Included in category 3 work are removal projects where relatively large amounts of asbestos are removed from a building (including removal of friable asbestos from structural material), and cleaning or removal of heating or air handling equipment that has been insulated with asbestos. Also included in category 3 work are cutting or grinding of ACM using power tools.

Rules

General Rules

• When in doubt, treat all material as containing asbestos and comply with all applicable rules and regulations and protective measures.
• Certified and licensed asbestos abatement personnel will handle all ACM. The friability of the ACM will dictate the type of removal/maintenance required.
• Employees who are uncertified and unlicensed will not handle any ACM >1%. This will include encapsulation projects, renovation/removal, and/or demolition of any type of structure. This will prevent the potential for accidental exposure from the mishandling of any ACM.
• When an uncertified, unlicensed employee questions whether he/she may be handling suspect ACM, the employee will immediately contact his/her supervisor.  The employee shall not resume working at the site until the area has been checked to verify the material is not ACM.
• Uncertified, unlicensed employees will not cross over a barrier/containment area where asbestos projects are in progress.
• Any employee who discovers ACM or suspect ACM in damaged or poor condition should report it to his/her supervisor so the identified material is repaired.

Rules Regarding Medical Examinations

• Employees assigned to asbestos removal will be given medical examinations at the District’s expense in compliance with 29 CFR 1926.1101 and 40 CFR 763 – Subpart G:
  • Within 30 days of first employment or assignment to a job exposing the employee to asbestos containing material,
  • Annually, and
  • Within 30 days of termination of employment.

• Medical examination for employees assigned to asbestos removal will include:
  • Medical and work history with special emphasis directed to symptoms of the respiratory system, cardiovascular system, and digestive tract;
  • Medical questionnaire contained in 29 CFR 1926.1101; and
  • A physical examination including a chest roentgenogram and pulmonary function test that includes measurement of the employee’s forced vital capacity and expiratory volume.

• No employee shall be assigned to tasks requiring the use of respirators if an examining physician determines the employee will be unable to function normally while using it or that the employee might otherwise be impaired.

• Records of all physical examinations performed for work-related asbestos activities will be maintained permanently by the District.

Rules Regarding Asbestos Inventory

• The District has conducted surveys and prepared a written inventory of the type and locations of ACM to:
  • Allow for periodic condition inspections, and
  • Allow for maintenance and repair of damaged asbestos.

• For each building the inventory contains the following information:
  • Type of ACM (sprayed fireproofing, texture coating, or thermal insulation);
  • The location of the material; and
  • When is has been sampled, the type and percentage of asbestos present.

• Also included in the survey information are sampling results showing the absence of asbestos in material that might be mistaken for an ACM.

Asbestos Identification

An asbestos identification system is used to alert people to the presence of asbestos. Asbestos is identified by tags, stickers, pipe labels, signs, and other high visibility means. Where feasible, stickers indicate the presence of asbestos in thermal insulation, in asbestos board and tiles, and in other locations. Warnings may also be placed near the entrances of rooms, particularly mechanical rooms where unusually large amounts of asbestos may be present.

Inspection

Inspection of the condition of friable asbestos is integrated into the Maintenance Department routine inspection program. Periodic inspections and reports on the status of facilities and equipment in District buildings are produced to note damage to asbestos that might result in release of asbestos. When damaged ACM is discovered a work order will be issued to initiate the assessment/remediation as required.

Access Control

Access to mechanical and electrical rooms, service shafts, tunnels, and other locations is to be restricted where asbestos may be present in unusually large amounts and where other hazards may also be present. Such areas are locked and accessible only to authorized personnel. Where sprayed asbestos-containing fireproofing is present in a building above a false ceiling, access to the space is restricted to Maintenance Department employees, Communications Services, or authorized contractors.

Repair and Maintenance of ACM

Should an employee or a contractor encounter material that is not identified and is not listed in the Asbestos Inventory and which might reasonably be expected to be asbestos, the person will stop any work that could create airborne asbestos and report the discovery to a supervisor. Where it is determined that friable ACM is in a condition that could likely lead to inhalation exposure, the supervisor will immediately limit access to the location and initiate repairs, removal, or encapsulation. Where there is reasonable doubt about the composition of a friable material, it will be treated as asbestos until testing demonstrates that asbestos is present at levels below 1%.  Cleanup and repair of asbestos-containing material will only be carried out by the appropriate clean-up procedure by employees or contractors who have been properly trained.

When routine work is to take place in an area where asbestos is present or when the work might disturb friable asbestos, employees will be informed of the potential for exposure through a notation on the work order. If upon reviewing the work situation, the employee believes that normal work practices do not provide an adequate measure of safety, the employee will report these concerns to the supervisor. The supervisor will review the work situation and authorize any required additional precautions. All employees, visitors, vendors, and contractors will be notified in advance when work involving asbestos is to be carried out in any area of District buildings that they occupy.

Training

All District Cathedral School who remove, repair, or work around friable asbestos and those whose work might disturb friable ACM will be trained to carry out their work without endangering themselves, their coworkers, or other building occupants.

Level 1 Training

All affected Maintenance Department employees who do not receive levels 2 or 3 training will receive Level 1 training which will acquaint them with:

• The types, properties, and uses of asbestos;
• Ways to recognize asbestos;
• The hazards of asbestos fiber inhalation;
• Types of activities which could release asbestos fibers; and
• The District Asbestos Inventory and Asbestos Identification State and Federal regulations regarding work with asbestos and disposal of asbestos-containing waste.

Refresher training will be provided every second year. Only those with Level 1 training will be allowed to carry out or supervise Category 1 asbestos work.

Level 2 Training

All District employees who conduct or may be expected to conduct Category 2 or 3 work will receive training in:

• All Level 1 topics;
• Ways to recognize and avoid damage to ACM;
• The use, fitting, limitations, care, and disposal of protective equipment;
• Asbestos containment and ventilation during removal; and
• Wet and dry clean up procedures.

Refresher training will be provided every second year. Except for actual asbestos removal, only those with Level 2 training will be allowed to carry out or supervise Category 2 asbestos work.

Level 3 Training

Level 3 training will be provided for insulators and others who are authorized to remove friable asbestos and for those who supervise asbestos removal work that is performed by either District Employees or external contractors. Level 3 training provides practical hands-on experience in all phases of small and medium scale asbestos removal. Those who will carry out small-scale asbestos removal work will receive additional on-the-job training working with experienced asbestos workers.

Contracted Work

Asbestos Removal Work

Major asbestos removal is normally contracted to external firms who specialize in asbestos removal work. The District requires that all such work be carried out in accord with the requirements established by State and Federal regulations. At all such projects the contractor will ensure that cleanup is properly completed and that all asbestos and asbestos-contaminated material is collected and disposed of in accord with the EPA regulations. The contractor will be required to submit air-testing results to demonstrate that the cleanup has been carried out properly and the area can be reoccupied safely.

Other Work

The District often employs contractors to service equipment such as elevators, telephones, refrigeration, and air conditioning equipment, and to carry out other construction and renovation projects. When contractors are required to work in areas where asbestos is present or there is a possibility of disrupting friable asbestos, the District will provide:

• Notification of the known locations and types of asbestos present (or suspected to be present) in the area where the contractor will work, and
• Information on District asbestos labeling system. The District requires that contractors carrying out tasks which could potentially create asbestos-containing dust:
• Follow work practices that reduce to the extent practical the creation of airborne asbestos dust and which meet the asbestos safety standards set by State and Federal regulations.
• Immediately report to the asbestos program manager when damage occurs to ACM, and
• Employ only workers who have been trained in asbestos safety.

Asbestos Work Procedures

Discovering Damaged Asbestos

When asbestos is discovered the following steps describe the actions to be taken by trade Employees and their supervisors. The steps comply with District Asbestos Policy, which states the long-term goal is to remove all asbestos and the short-term goal is to manage asbestos to minimize exposure to airborne asbestos. It is important to note that all asbestos is to be logged in the inventory, regardless of its state of repair.

• Complete the Asbestos Inventory Form – The employee is to complete the first section of the Asbestos Inventory Form and submit it to his/her Supervisor.
• Sampling – The Supervisor will determine if samples are required to confirm the existence of asbestos. Checking the inventory to see if asbestos in that location has already been tested will do this. If necessary, the Supervisor will close off an area (mechanical spaces) or shut down equipment (air handling units) pending test results and remedial action.
• Repair/Removal and Cleanup – If the asbestos is damaged, it is certain a clean up will be required. The clean up and repair should happen together. The repair and clean up will be charged to a work order and the number recorded on the Inventory Form. If removal is required, the supervisor will determine whether the removal will be carried out by a contractor or by District Employees. The work order number must be logged on the Inventory Form.
• Labeling – All known ACM should be labeled. For asbestos containing pipe insulation, yellow paint will be applied directly to the insulation. In areas where asbestos is present in multiple locations it will be sufficient to provide warning signage at each entry point into a room. Blue paint will be applied to any new insulation that is not readily obvious to be asbestos free.
• Logging in Database – After completing the Asbestos Inventory Form, it will be given to the District asbestos program manager for logging into the Asbestos Inventory.

Clean up of ACM

Asbestos only poses a health hazard when it becomes airborne and people inhale the fiber. When asbestos-containing material has been disturbed, effective clean up will ensure that asbestos does not present a health hazard. Clean up of dust that might contain traces of asbestos, such as a custodian might encounter in routine cleaning in buildings where asbestos is present, will not require special precautions. To ensure that clean up of significant quantities of asbestos will not cause a health hazard, the following procedure will be followed:

• Clean up of significant amounts of ACM will be only be done by Employees who have been trained and who are wearing appropriate protective clothing and a fitted, air-purifying respirator.
• Dry sweeping of asbestos-containing waste and other clean up activities that will create airborne dust are not permitted.
• Large pieces of ACM will be collected by hand and properly bagged in accord with the disposal procedure.
• When ever possible, asbestos dust will be thoroughly wetted and clean up with a wet mop or a HEPA type vacuum. Contaminated water will be discharged to a sewer. Containers, mops and other equipment that might be contaminated with asbestos will be rinsed with water and the rinse water discharged to a sewer.

If additional clean up is need it will be carried out using a vacuum equipped with a HEPA filter. Within Maintenance Department there is one vacuum assigned for asbestos clean up.

Non-friable ACM Work

Asbestos that is effectively bonded in a non-asbestos matrix cannot easily become airborne. As such, provided the material is not broken or abraded, there is little risk of inhalation exposure to asbestos. To ensure that minor work involving non-friable asbestos (including vinyl asbestos tile, asbestos asphalt roofing, and asbestos ceiling and wall tile) the following procedure will be followed:

• Before beginning the work the worker will carefully inspect the ACM to ensure that the planned work will not create airborne asbestos dust.
• Where dust that might contain asbestos fiber is present, the worker will clean the material using a wet method or a HEPA filtered vacuum.
• Following completion of the task the worker will carry out any required clean wet methods or a HEPA filtered vacuum and will then carefully bag for disposal all asbestos-containing waste.

Note: Cutting, drilling, sanding or breaking the material are likely to create airborne asbestos dusts and will require additional precautions.

Work Above False Ceilings

Only workers who have successfully completed Level 2 Asbestos Safety Training and who are authorized to do so by the asbestos program manager may move ceiling tiles or perform work above the dropped ceilings where asbestos insulation is present on building structure. The following procedure shall be used whenever minor work (such as installation of telephone or computer lines, or servicing of ventilation or lighting system components) requires work above the suspended ceiling:

• Before removing a ceiling tile, the area around the tile shall be isolated by creating an enclosure of 4-mil or heavier polyethylene sheeting. The sheeting shall be taped to the ceiling t-bar and the floor using duct tape.
• Those working within the enclosure shall wear a pair of coveralls and a properly fitted, air-purifying respirator equipped with a particulate filter designed to remove asbestos fibers from inhaled air.
• Air supply or return grills located within the enclosure shall be sealed with 4-mil or thicker polyethylene sheeting to prevent contamination of the ventilation system.
• The ceiling tile shall be carefully removed and the upper surface vacuumed with a vacuum fitted with a HEPA filter.
• The worker shall then carefully vacuum the upper surface of surrounding tiles before carrying out the assigned task.
• Following completion of the above-the-ceiling work, the removed ceiling tile shall be replaced and the interior of the enclosure carefully cleaned using wet cleaning techniques or a HEPA filtered vacuum.

Note: Additional precautions may be required depending upon the specific tasks to be undertaken. Any task that is likely to disrupt the sprayed-on insulation will require additional precautions.

Repairs to ACM

Where asbestos is known or believed to be present in damaged insulation, repairs or removal are needed to prevent asbestos fiber from becoming airborne. Only workers who have successfully completed Level 3 Asbestos Safety training and who are authorized to do so may undertake such repairs or removal. The following procedure will be used whenever minor repairs to asbestos containing insulation is undertaken:

• Access to areas where minor repair is to be carried out will be restricted to authorized people only. When necessary, signs will be posted advising of access restrictions.
• Workers repairing asbestos-containing insulation will wear coveralls and a properly fitted, air-purifying respirator equipped with a particulate filter designed to remove asbestos fibers from inhaled air.
• Before beginning the repair, the area will be carefully cleaned using the Clean-up of Asbestos-Containing Material Procedure.
• When feasible a drop cloth shall then be placed beneath the insulation to be repaired.
• Before beginning the repair, all feasible steps (wetting with amended water, encapsulating adjacent asbestos-containing material, etc.) will be taken to prevent the release of asbestos fibers.
• Following the repair the worker will carefully bag for disposal all asbestos- containing waste and clean the surrounding area using wet cleaning techniques or a HEPA filtered vacuum.

Single-Use Glove Bag Procedure

The following procedure will be followed when single-use asbestos removal glove bags are used. The procedure may only be used on tasks that are small enough to be completely enclosed in the glove bag and which do not leave exposed asbestos in place when the bag is removed.

Preparation:

Only a Employee who has completed level 3 training and who is wearing appropriate coveralls and an air-purifying respirator (3M 6000 Series with a purple, 6240 particulate filter or equivalent) will carry out glove bag removal of asbestos.

Before beginning removal work, access to the area will be restricted. If the work site is located in areas where other Maintenance Department Employees might be exposed to asbestos, and in all work sites located in publicly accessible areas, warning notices will be posted.

Steps will be taken to prevent accidental movement, contact with heat, cold or electricity, or release of chemicals.

The work area will be cleaned using a HEPA filtered vacuum or wet cleaning to remove asbestos-containing material contaminating the immediate work area. Where possible a plastic sheet will then be placed beneath the pipe or fitting from which the asbestos is to be removed.

Steps will be taken to prevent exposure where damage to the insulation might allow release of fibers. Steps include making temporary repairs using duck tape or wetting the exposed fiber using amended water.

Glove Bag Removal:

The asbestos-containing material will be thoroughly wetted using amended water.

With tools in bag, the single-use bag will be positioned and secured using adhesive and tape as necessary.

Working through the gloves, the asbestos will be removed exercising care to avoid puncturing the bag.

When removal is compete or bag is full, sprayer (containing amended water) will be inserted into the bag and the pipe or fitting, tools and the bag interior will be washed.

Tools will then be placed in an inverted glove withdrawn from bag and the glove sealed from the bag using duct tape.

The tools will then be removed by cutting through the duct tape ensuring that both the bag and the glove remain sealed.

The tools will then be submerged in water and the glove opened. Tools will be cleaned under water.

The glove bag will then be carefully removed, sealed and placed in a sealed container pending packaging for disposal.

Clean Up:

The surface of the pipe or fitting will be carefully wet wiped and treated with sealer.

The plastic sheet will then be carefully wet wiped and rolled up.

All solid waste created during removal jobs including glove bags, disposable coveralls, wipe rags and plastic sheeting will be treated as asbestos containing waste and handled as detailed in the disposal procedure.

Multiple-Use Glove Bag Procedure

This procedure describes the use of multiple use glove bags. It may be used on tasks that require the bag to be repositioned to complete the entire job.

Preparation:

Only a Employee who has completed level 3 training and who is wearing appropriate coverall and an air purifying respirator (3M 6000 Series with a purple, 6240 particulate filter or equivalent) will carry out glove bag removal of asbestos.

Before beginning removal work, access to the area will be restricted. If the work site is located in areas where other Maintenance Department Employees might be exposed to asbestos and in all work sites located in publicly accessible areas, warning notices will be posted.

Steps will be taken to prevent accidental movement, contact with heat, cold or electricity, or release of chemicals.

The work area will be cleaned using a HEPA filtered vacuum or wet cleaning to remove asbestos-containing material contaminating the immediate work area. Where possible a plastic sheet will then be placed beneath the pipe or fitting from which the asbestos is to be removed.

Steps will be taken to prevent exposure where damage to the insulation might allow release of fibers. Steps include making temporary repairs using duck tape or wetting the exposed fiber using amended water.

Glove Bag Removal:

The asbestos containing material will be thoroughly wetted using amended water.

With tools in bag, the bag will be positioned and secured using adhesive and tape as necessary.

Working through the gloves, the asbestos will be removed exercising care to avoid puncturing the bag.

When removal is compete or bag is full, sprayer (containing amended water) will be connected to the valve and the pipe or fitting, tools and the bag interior will be washed. If the bag is repositioned to remove additional asbestos, remaining exposed ends of asbestos will be thoroughly damped.

Tools will then be placed in an inverted glove withdrawn from bag and the glove sealed from the bag using duct tape.

The tools will then be removed by cutting through the duct tape ensuring that both the bag and the glove remain sealed.

The tools will then be submerged in water and the glove opened. Tools will be cleaned under water.

The glove bag will then be removed and placed in a sealed container pending packaging for disposal.

Clean Up:

The surface of the pipe or fitting will be carefully wet wiped and treated with sealer.

The plastic sheet will then be carefully wet wiped and rolled up.

All solid waste created during removal jobs including glove bags, disposable coveralls, wipe rags and plastic sheeting will be treated as asbestos containing waste and handled as detailed in the disposal procedure.

Modified Enclosure Procedure

The following Modified Enclosure Method may be used for removal of asbestos from ceilings, walls, beams, pipes, or other equipment providing that the job is small enough that it can be completed within one shift without the need for repeated entry into the work area.

The method may not be used for jobs involving:

Amosite, Crocidolite, or Friable asbestos of any type.

Additional precautions will be required if the exhaust air cannot be discharged outdoors. Modified enclosure removals may only be undertaken by Employees who have completed level three training and who have received modified enclosure removal training.

Preparation:

If dust that might contain asbestos is present, pre clean the work site using wet cleaning or HEPA vacuum cleaning.

Protect floor, walls equipment within the work area that might be damaged by water.

Ensure that steps are taken to protect workers from any energized equipment or systems located within the work area.

Post signs and restrict access to work area.

Seal area to prevent air leakage into adjacent areas or air handling system using framing as necessary, 150 mil plastic sheeting, tape, sealants and caulking as required. Construct an overlapping, double curtained entrance to work area.

Install HEPA filtered negative air unit in work area. Unit must provide 4 air changes per hour while maintaining a pressure difference of -0.02 inches of water. Direct filtered exhaust air outdoors.

Removal:

Employees entering the work are shall wear a disposable Tyvek type suit including a head cover and an air purifying respirator (3M 6000 Series with a purple, 6240 particulate filter or equivalent).

With the area sealed and negative air unit in operation, saturate asbestos- containing material with amended water using airless sprayer.

Remove asbestos using additional amended water as needed being careful not to create airborne dust.

Brush the area from which asbestos has been removed and then wet wipe or vacuum to remove final traces of asbestos. Following removal of asbestos, treat the area with slow dry sealer.

Clean up:

Place all waste in specially marked heavy-duty asbestos waste disposal bags. Seal waste bags securely using duct tape before removing from the enclosure. Wipe all tools with a damp cloth to remove traces of asbestos contamination before removing them from the enclosure.

Wet wipe or vacuum (using the designated shop vac marked ASBESTOS ONLY) all areas within the enclosure not covered by plastic to remove traces of asbestos.  If a HEPA filtered shop vac was used, it shall be wiped with a damp cloth and the hose end covered with tape before being removed from the enclosure. If the vac is to be opened to change a filter or bag, the work will be carried out in an enclosure under negative pressure with HEPA filtered air exhausted outdoors.

Wet wipe the interior of plastic sheeting used to form the enclosure. Remove plastic by rolling, wet wiping any visible particulate matter that make be visible. Wet wipe the disposable Tyvek suit and remove. Place the plastic sheeting, the suit and the used respirator cartridges in an asbestos waste bag along with other remaining contaminated material.

Arrange for reconnection of any services running through the work area that were disconnected to accommodate removal work.

Dispose of waste as per waste disposal procedure.
Disposal of Asbestos-Containing Waste Materials

Handling and disposal of asbestos-containing waste is regulated by both State and Federal regulations. To ensure compliance with these regulations and to ensure that no one is exposed to asbestos the following procedure is to be followed:

Only an Employee who has completed Level 2 training and who is wearing appropriate air purifying respirator will package asbestos waste.

Waste asbestos will be thoroughly wetted and then placed in specially labeled 6 mil plastic bags. The bag will be securely sealed using duct tape. The bagged asbestos will then be placed in a second, labeled 6-mil plastic bag that is again taped closed.

Asbestos waste may be transported from the location where it was produced to an interim storage location if the bags are free from punctures or tears and if the outside of the bag is free of asbestos. Asbestos waste will be transported in an enclosed vehicle or beneath a secured tarpaulin. No other cargo may be carried while the waste asbestos is being moved. After the waste asbestos is moved to an interim storage site, the driver will, if necessary clean the vehicle to remove asbestos contamination.

Asbestos waste must be disposed of at a waste disposal site that is approved to receive asbestos by Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) or the state pollution control agency.

Shipment of waste asbestos must be coordinated with the waste disposal site that is to receive the waste. External contractors will normally carry out asbestos disposal.

Shipments for disposal must be done in accord with [STATE] and Federal DOT regulations and must be accompanied by a properly completed shipping document.

Contact: Patricia Jones

218-281-1835

Automatic External Defibrillator (AED)

 Cathedral School

Note: If AED is not immediately available, perform CPR until AED arrives on the scene. Use of the AED is authorized for emergency response personnel trained in CPR and use of the AED.

Purpose:

To provide trained employees of the Cathedral School with uniform guidelines to follow when responding to sudden cardiac arrest incidents and in intervening with an AED.

School Hours:

Staff members will:

• Assess scene safety. Rescuers are volunteers and are not expected to place themselves at risk in order to provide aid to others, instead the scene or environment around a victim must be made safe prior to attempts to assist.
• Determine unresponsiveness.
• Notify the office of the location of the victim.
• Outside Caller Dial: 218-281-1835

Office personnel will:

1. Call 911, tell the EMT’s which school door to enter.
2. Use of the staff radios to alert all in the building of the emergency.
3. Call school nurse.
4. Office staff will meet the attendance desk.
5. Assign someone to retrieve the AED and meet first Response Team member at the scene.
6. Make copy of Health record for EMT’s.
7. Call parents/family of victim.

First Response Team will:

• Respond to the scene of the victim, assess the victim, and if needed, begin CPR until the AED arrives. First responders should follow the most current CPR recommendation. Observe Universal precautions using gloves and ventilation mask, if available.
• Check for signs of Circulation – (C). Signs include: pulse, coughing, or movement.
• Check for Breathing – (B). If not breathing and no signs of circulation, apply AED immediately. If AED is not immediately available, begin chest compressions and breathing (CPR) until AED arrives, start CPR with 30 chest compressions. If breathing, place in the recovery position and monitor breathing closely.
• Open the Airway – (A).  If not breathing give two breaths and continue CPR for five cycles of 30 compression and 2 breaths until the AED arrives and/or EMT’s.

Note: if rescuer is alone and the victim is a child under eight years old or 55 pounds and has no known cardiac condition, perform one minute of infant/child CPR prior to activating the emergency response system. If the child is age one to eight use the Child AED electrodes as indicated by the teddy bear on the leads.

1. Turn on AED.
2. Apply electrode pads (according to the diagram on back of electrode pads) to victim’s bare chest:
3. Peel electrode pads one at a time, from the backing or liner.
4. Shave or clip hair if it is so excessive it prevents a good seal between electrode pads and skin.
5. Wipe chest clean and dry if victim’s chest is dirty or wet.
6. Press electrode pads firmly to skin.
7. Stand clear of victim while machine evaluates victim’s heart rhythm.
8. Refrain from using portable radios or cell phones within four feet of victim while AED is evaluating heart rhythm.

SHOCK ADVISED:

1. Clear area, making sure no one is touching the victim.
2. Push SHOCK button when prompted.
3. Device will analyze the victim’s heart rhythm and shock up to three times.
4. After three (3) shocks, device will prompt to check pulse (or for breathing and movement) and if absent, start CPR>
5. If pulse or signs of circulation such as normal breathing and movement are absent, perform CPR for one minute.
6. Device will countdown one minute of CPR and will automatically evaluate victim’s heart rhythm when CPR time is over.

NO SHOCK ADVISED:

1. Device will prompt to check pulse (or breathing and movement) and if absent, start CPR.
2. If pulse or signs of circulation such a normal breathing and movement are absent, perform CPR for one minute.
3. If pulse or signs of circulation are present, check for normal breathing.
4. If victim is not breathing normally, give rescue breaths according to training.
5. AED will automatically evaluate victim’s heart rhythm after one minute.
6. If victim regains signs of circulation, such as breathing and movement, place them on their side, in the recovery position, and monitor their breathing closely.
7. Continue cycles of heart rhythm evaluations, shocks (if advised) and CPR until professional (EMT) help arrives.
8. Victim must be transported to hospital.
9. Leave AED attached to victim until EMS arrives and disconnects AED.

10. Turn over care of victim to EMS personnel. Once they have arrived, follow the directions of the EMS personnel for further actions.

Teachers will:

1. Keep students in their rooms until the “All Clear” is announced.
2. Cover the First Response Team member’s students.

Principal or designee will:

1. Come to the scene and perform crowd control.
2. Assist with EMT arriving to proper site.

After school hours:

School supervisor-covered events:

1. Determine unresponsiveness.
2. Activate system:
3. Public or cellular phone, dial 911.
4. Alert supervising staff member of emergency by sending a runner.
5. The supervisor, or designee, will retrieve AED.
6. If a CPR and/or AED trained individual is available, CPR and AED procedures should be initiated until EMS arrives.
7. Follow procedure outlined above. See School Hours section starting with First Response Team will.

Other non-school events:

1. Determine unresponsiveness.
2. Activate system:
3. Public or cellular phone, Dial 911.
4. The non-school event supervisor, or a designee, will retrieve the AED.
5. If a CPR and/or AED trained individual is available, CPR and AED procedures should be initiated until EMS arrives.
6. Follow procedure outlined above. See School Hours section starting First Response Team will.

AFTER USE:

1. A copy of the AED use information will be sent within 48 hours (weekdays) of the emergency to:
   1. AED coordinator
2. The volunteer responder will document the events using the school district accident form and will forward a copy of completed form to AED Program Coordinator or designee on the next business day.
3. AED will be wiped clean according to policy.
4. Electrode pads and other items used shall be replaced in the unit by Kathy Haider.
5. Critical Event Stress Debriefing will be conducted by school administration.

Authorizing Physicians

Signature: __________________________Date:____________

Print or type name: ______________________________________Phone:___________

Contact: Al Branchaud

                                                                                          218-679-3388

LOCKOUT/TAGOUT

Purpose

Control of Hazardous energy is the purpose of the Lockout-Tagout Program for St. Mary’s Mission School. This program establishes the requirements for isolation of both kinetic and potential electrical, chemical, thermal, hydraulic and pneumatic and gravitational energy prior to equipment repair, adjustment or removal. Reference: OSHA Standard 29 CFR 1910.147, the control of hazardous energy.

Definitions

Authorized (Qualified) Employees are the only ones certified to lock and tagout equipment or machinery.  Whether an employee is considered to be qualified will depend upon various circumstances in the workplace. It is likely for an individual to be considered “qualified” with regard to certain equipment in the workplace, but “unqualified” as to other equipment. An employee who is undergoing on-the-job training and who, in the course of such training, has demonstrated an ability to perform duties safely at his or her level of training and who is under the direct supervision of a qualified person, is considered to be “qualified” for the performance of those duties.

Affected Employees are those employees who operate machinery or equipment upon which lockout or tagging out is required under this program. Training of these individuals will be less stringent in that it will include the purpose and use of the lockout procedures.

Other Employees are identified as those that do not fall into the authorized, affected or qualified employee category. Essentially, it will include all other employees. These employees will be provided instruction in what the program is and not to touch any machine or equipment when they see that it has been locked or tagged out.

Training

Authorized Employees Training

All Maintenance Employees, Department Supervisors and Janitorial employees will be trained to use the Lock and Tag Out Procedures. The training will be conducted by the Maintenance Supervisor or the LOTO Coordinator, «LOTO», at time of initial hire. Retraining shall be held at least annually. The training will consist of the following:

1. Review of General Procedures
2. Review of Specific Procedures for machinery, equipment and processes
3. Location and use of Specific Procedures
4. Procedures when questions arise

     Affected Employee Training

• Only trained and authorized Employees will repair, replace or adjust machinery, equipment or processes.
• Affected Employees may not remove Locks, locking device, or tags from machinery, equipment or circuits.
• Purpose and use of the lockout procedures.

     Other Employee Training

• Only trained and authorized Employees will repair, replace or adjust machinery or Equipment.
• Other Employees may not remove Locks, locking devices or tags from machinery, equipment or circuits

     Preparation for Lock and Tag Out Procedures

A Lockout – Tagout survey has been conducted to locate and identify all energy sources to verify which switches or valves supply energy to machinery and equipment. Dual or redundant controls have been removed.

A Tagout Schedule has been developed for each piece of equipment and machinery. This schedule describes the energy sources, location of disconnects, type of disconnect, special hazards and special safety procedures. The schedule will be reviewed each time to ensure employees properly lock and tag out equipment and machinery. If a Tagout Schedule does not exist for a particular piece of equipment, machinery and process, one must be developed prior to conducting a Lockout – Tagout. As repairs and/or renovations of existing electrical systems are made, standardized controls will be used.

 Routine Maintenance & Machine Adjustments

Lock and Tag Out procedures are not required if equipment must be operating for proper adjustment. This rare exception may be used only by trained and authorized Employees when specific procedures have been developed to safely avoid hazards with proper training. All consideration shall be made to prevent the need for an employee to break the plane of a normally guarded area of the equipment by use of tools and other devices.

Locks, Hasps and Tags

All Qualified Maintenance Personnel will be assigned a lock with one key, hasp and tag. All locks will be keyed differently, except when a specific individual is issues a series of locks for complex lockout-tagout tasks. In some cases, more than one lock, hasp and tag are needed to completely de-energize equipment and machinery.

Additional locks may be checked out from the Department or Maintenance Supervisor on a shift-by-shift basis.

All locks and hasps shall be uniquely identifiable to a specific employee.

SOP: General Lock and Tag Out Procedures

Before working on, repairing, adjusting or replacing machinery and equipment, the following procedures will be utilized to place the machinery and equipment in a neutral or zero mechanical state.

• Preparation for Shutdown. Before authorized or affected employees turn off a machine or piece of equipment, the authorized employee will have knowledge of the type and magnitude of the energy, the hazards of the energy to be controlled, and the means to control the energy.
• Notify all affected Employees that the machinery, equipment or process will be out of service

Machine or Equipment Shutdown

• The machine or equipment will be turned or shut down using the specific procedures for that specific machine.
• An orderly shutdown will be utilized to avoid any additional or increased hazards to employees as a result of equipment de-energization.
• If the machinery, equipment or process is in operation, follow normal stopping procedures (depress stop button, open toggle switch, etc.). Move switch or panel arms to “Off” or “Open” positions and close all valves or other energy isolating devices so that the energy source(s) is disconnected or isolated from the machinery or equipment.

          Machine or Equipment Isolation

All energy control devices that are needed to control the energy to the machine or equipment will be physically located and operated in such a manner as to isolate the machine or equipment from the energy source.

Lockout or Tagout Device Application

• Lockout or tagout devices will be affixed to energy isolating devices by authorized employees.
• Lockout devices will be affixed in a manner that will hold the energy isolating devices from the “safe or “off” position.
• Where tagout devices are used they will be affixed in such a manner that will clearly state that the operation or the movement of energy isolating devices from the “safe” or “off” positions is prohibited.
• The tagout devices will be attached to the same point a lock would be attached. If the tag cannot be affixed at that point, the tag will be located as close as possible to the device in a position that will be immediately obvious to anyone attempting to operate the device.
• Lock and tag out all energy devices by use of hasps, chains and valve covers with an assigned individual locks.

Stored Energy

Following the application of the lockout or tagout devices to the energy isolating devices, all potential or residual energy will be relieved, disconnected, restrained, and otherwise rendered safe.

Where the re-accumulation of stored energy to a hazardous energy level is possible, verification of isolation will be continued until the maintenance or servicing is complete.

Release stored energy (capacitors, springs, elevated members, rotating fly wheels, and hydraulic/air/gas/steam systems) must be relieved or restrained by grounding, repositioning, blocking and/or bleeding the system.

 Verification of Isolation

Prior to starting work on machines or equipment that have been locked or tagged out, the authorized employees will verify that isolation or de-energization of the machine or equipment have been accomplished.

After assuring that no Employee will be placed in danger, test all lock and tag outs by following the normal start up procedures (depress start button, etc.).

Caution: After Test, place controls in neutral position.

Extended Lockout – Tagout

Should the shift change before the machinery or equipment can be restored to service, the lock and tag out must remain. If the task is reassigned to the next shift, those Employees must lock and tag out before the previous shift may remove their lock and tag.

SOP: Release from LOCKOUT/TAGOUT

Before lockout or tagout devices are removed and the energy restored to the machine or equipment, the following actions will be taken:

• The work area will be thoroughly inspected to ensure that nonessential items have been removed and that machine or equipment components are operational.
• The work area will be checked to ensure that all employees have been safely positioned or removed.
• Before the lockout or tagout devices are removed, the affected employees will be notified that the lockout or tagout devices are being removed.
• Each lockout or tagout device will be removed from each energy isolating device by the employee who applied the device.

 SOP: LOTO Procedure for Electrical Plug-Type Equipment

This procedure covers all Electrical Plug-Type Equipment such as Battery Chargers, some Product Pumps, Office Equipment, Powered Hand Tools, Powered Bench Tools, Lathes, Fans, etc.

When working on, repairing, or adjusting the above equipment, the following procedures must be utilized to prevent accidental or sudden startup:

1. Unplug Electrical Equipment from wall socket or in-line socket.
2. Attach “Do Not Operate” Tag and Plug Box & Lock on end of power cord.

An exception is granted to not lock & tag the plug is the cord & plug remain in the exclusive control of the Employee working on, adjusting or inspecting the equipment.

3. Test Equipment to assure power source has been removed by depressing the “Start” or “On” Switch.
4. Perform required operations.
5. Replace all guards removed.
6. Remove Lock & Plug Box and Tag.
7. Inspect power cord and socket before plugging equipment into power source.

Any defects must be repaired before placing the equipment back in service.

NOTE: Occasionally used equipment may be unplugged from power source when not in use.

SOP: LOTO Procedures Involving More Than One Employee

In the preceding SOPs, if more than one Employee is assigned to a task requiring a lock    and tag out, each must also place his or her own lock and tag on the energy isolating       device(s).

SOP: Management’s Removal of Lock and Tag Out

Only the Employee that locks and tags out machinery, equipment or processes may          remove his/her lock and tag.  However, should the Employee leave the facility before     removing his/her lock and tag, the Maintenance Manager may remove the lock and tag.   The Maintenance Manager must be assured that all tools have been removed, all guards have been replaced and all Employees are free from any hazard before the lock and tag are removed and the machinery, equipment or process are returned to service. Notification of the employee who placed the lock is required prior to lock removal.

Contractors

Contractors, working on school property and equipment must use this Lockout -Tagout procedure while servicing or maintaining equipment, machinery or processes.